{"id":1099,"date":"2009-06-13T14:40:01","date_gmt":"2009-06-13T06:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cusp.hk\/wordpress\/?p=1099"},"modified":"2009-06-13T14:42:56","modified_gmt":"2009-06-13T06:42:56","slug":"%E6%83%85%E8%89%B2%EF%BD%9C%E3%80%90%E9%96%8B%E6%88%BF%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E3%80%91%E3%80%90%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E3%80%91%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%AE%B6%EF%BC%8C%E5%8B%BF%E5%81%87%E3%80%8C%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=1099","title":{"rendered":"\u60c5\u8272\uff5c\u3010\u958b\u623f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3011\u3010\u6295\u7a3f\u3011\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff0c\u52ff\u5047\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u4e4b\u540d\u78e8\u6ec5\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u80b2"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u52ff<\/span><\/span>\u5047\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u4e4b\u540d\u78e8\u6ec5\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6587\uff1aGabriel <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u3014\u6309\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u70ba\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u6821\u53cb\uff0c\u73fe\u8077\u6559\u80b2\u767c\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u3015<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u53bb\u671f\uff08\u4e8c\u96f6\u96f6\u4e5d\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u865f\uff09\u300a\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u300b\u60c5\u8272\u7248\u767b\u520a\u3008\u60c5\u5230\u6fc3\u6642\u3000\u4e0d\u5982\u958b\u623f\u3009\u4e00\u6587\u3014\u53ef\u898b\u300a\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u300b\u7db2\u7ad9\uff1ahttps:\/\/cusp.hk\/<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u6307\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u96e3\u8993\u6027\u4e8b\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u6f84\u6e05\u4e00\u822c\u8b80\u8005\u5c0d\u6642\u9418\u9152\u5e97\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\u548c\u4e0d\u826f\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u6536\u8cbb\u6c34\u5e73\u4f5c\u7d50\u3002\u5176\u5167\u5bb9\u3001\u6587\u7b46\u3001\u92ea\u6392\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u5831\u7ae0\u526f\u520a\u4ecb\u7d39\u666f\u9ede\u3001\u98df\u8086\u7121\u7570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6587\u7ae0\u5728\u56db\u6708\u5341\u4e8c\u65e5\u8d77\u5148\u5f8c\u88ab\u6578\u5bb6\u5831\u7ae0\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u300a\u6771\u65b9\u65e5\u5831\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u59ca\u59b9\u5831\u300a\u592a\u967d\u5831\u300b\u5f15\u8ff0\u6559\u80b2\u8a55\u8b70\u6703\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4f55\u6f22\u6b0a\u8b02\u8a72\u6587\u300c\u9f13\u5439\u5b78\u751f\u958b\u623f\u60f9\u4eba\u53cd\u611f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5514\u6392\u9664\u6709\u5b78\u751f\u7747\u5b8c\u60f3\u53bb\u8a66\u5413\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6709\u54a9\u7406\u7531\u6703\u6559\u4eba\u53bb\u958b\u623f\uff1f\u300d\u4e91\u4e91\u3002\u4f55\u6c0f\u8eab\u70ba\u73fe\u8077\u4e2d\u5b78\u526f\u6821\u9577\uff0c\u6295\u8eab\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u6b64\u8a00\u51fa\u81ea\u5176\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c \u4e0d\u53ef\u4e0d\u8b02\u99ed\u4eba\u807d\u805e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6e90\u65bc\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u5224\u65b7<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u7576\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u5f37\u8abf\u6559\u80b2\u61c9\u4ee5\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u5efa\u7acb\u500b\u4eba\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u582a\u7a31\u7576\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u7236\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u675c\u5a01(John Dewey)<\/span>\u4fbf\u8a00\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u71df\u990a\u548c\u751f\u80b2\u4e4b\u65bc\u751f\u7406\u751f\u547d\u300d\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u96f6\u96f6\u4e00\u5e74\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u7576\u5c40\u4ea6\u628a\u300c\u5fb7\u80b2\u53ca\u516c\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u5217\u70ba\u56db\u5927\u95dc\u9375\u9805\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u675c\u5a01\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u50f9\u503c\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u6307\u5c0e\u4eba\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u66f4\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u50f9\u503c\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u884c\u70ba\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u8a55\u91cf\uff0d\uff0d\u9019\u7a2e\u8a55\u91cf\uff0c\u6e96\u5247\u6e90\u65bc\u5c0d\u5be6\u8e10\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u78ba\u8a8d\uff0c\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u722d\u8faf\u3001\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6975\u5176\u91cf\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e9b\u5224\u65b7\u6210\u70ba\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5fc5\u9808\u7531\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u65b9\u53ef\u5f97\u8b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6211\u5011\u56fa\u7136\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u4e8b\u89aa\u8eab\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u675c\u5a01\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u4ea6\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u717d\u52d5\u4eba\u5011\u53bb\u300c\u5617\u8a66\u300d\u6bba\u4eba\u3001\u6436\u52ab\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u5207\u4e0d\u53ef\u5617\u8a66\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u524d\u4eba\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u548c\u50b3\u905e\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u6c38\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u771f\u7406\u8def\u6f2b\u6f2b\u3000\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6c42\u7d22\u4e4b<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8ad6\u8005\u6216\u6703\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u9700\u8981\u958b\u623f\uff0c\u6216\u6307\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5b78\u751f\u5c0d\u6587\u7ae0\u53cd\u611f\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6700\u5e73\u5e38\u4e0d\u904e\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u4e5f\u7121\u9808\u53cd\u99c1\uff0c\u537b\u6c7a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u53ef\u520a\u7ae0\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u57f9\u990a\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e0d\u540c\u502b\u7406\u89c0\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u5982\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5bc6\u723e(John Stuart Mill) <\/span>\u8a00\u9053\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u5bb9\u8a31\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u8ffd\u6c42\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u798f\u7949\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9054\u81f4\u6574\u9ad4\u793e\u6703\u7684\u826f\u597d\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u5bc6\u723e\u66f4\u8a00\u9053\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u78ba\u8a8d\u67d0\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f35\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\uff0c\u904f\u6b62\u5b83\u5011\u4ea6\u662f\u6709\u5bb3\uff08\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u798f\u7949\uff09\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8aa0\u7136\uff0c\u8a00\u8ad6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e26\u975e\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fb5\u72af\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u8af8\u5982\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u62b9\u9ed1\u3001\u5c0d\u9055\u6cd5\u4e82\u7d00\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u9f13\u52d5\uff0c\u975e\u4f46\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u60f9\u4eba\u975e\u8b70\uff0c \u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u7136\u5247\u300a\u4e2d\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5831\u300b\u6240\u300c\u9f13\u5439\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u8b80\u8005\u6709\u6027\u9700\u8981\u6642\u7684\u5730\u9ede\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u65e9\u5df2\u904e\u4e86\u6cd5\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u4ea4\u5e74\u9f61\uff08\u9664\u4e86\u4e00\u3001\u5169\u500b\u7834\u683c\u9304\u53d6\u7684\u5c0f\u795e\u7ae5\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6027\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u5bb9\u65bc\u4e16\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u7b46\u8005\u4ee5\u70ba\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff1b\u82e5\u679c\u89c0\u9ede\u5df2\u662f\u773e\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u65e9\u5df2\u6c92\u6709\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u800c\u82e5\u6709\u4eba\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u53d6\u614b\uff0c \u4fbf\u8981\u8a34\u8af8\u7a2e\u7a2e\u624b\u6bb5\u904f\u6b62\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4e0d\u557b\u662f\u4eba\u502b\u65c1\u843d\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u6dea\u4ea1\u7684\u5fb5\u5146\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5c01\u9589\u6559\u689d\uff0c \u6d41\u6bd2\u7121\u7aae<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u4f55\u6f22\u6b0a\u5927\u6982\u5df2\u7d93\u5fd8\u8a18\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5341\u516b\u4e8c\u5341\u6b72\u7684\u5e74\u9752\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u751a\u81f3\u5df2\u6210\u5bb6\u7acb\u5ba4\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u5e74\u9752\u4eba\u96d6\u6709\u9072\u5a5a\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u6307\u9019\u4e9b\u5e74\u9752\u4eba\u751a\u9ebc\u5fc3\u667a\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u537b\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6b6a\u8ad6\u9023\u7bc7\u3002\u82e5\u8aaa\u9019\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u9593\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u54c1\u5fb7\u3001\u5fc3\u667a\u6c34\u5e73\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\u4e4b\u52e2\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5927\u6982\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b7\u8a00\uff0c\u5fc5\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u6559\u689d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u53cd\u6559\u80b2\u614b\u5ea6\u6240\u81f4\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u96f6\u96f6\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u50b3\u5a92\u5831\u5c0e\u6307\u51fa\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e2d\u5b78\u8a02\u7acb\u7121\u7406\u6821\u898f\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u7981\u6b62\u5b78\u751f\u7a7f\u6821\u670d\u505c\u7559\u8857\u4e0a\uff0c \u4e0d\u51c6\u5e36\u93e1\u5b50\u3001\u624b\u63d0\u96fb\u8a71\u56de\u6821\u7b49\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u5b78\u6821\u4e0d\u51c6\u7537\u5973\u751f\u4e00\u540c\u5b09\u6232\uff0c\u9055\u8005\u53ef\u9769\u9664\u98a8\u7d00\u7b49\u516c\u8077\u3002\u6559\u689d\u5f0f\u898f\u7ba1\u7684\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f55\u6c0f\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b64\u55ae\u3002\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u51b0\u5c71\u4e00\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u83ab\u4ee5\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u7121\u7531\u7684\u300c\u898f\u77e9\u300d\u90fd\u662f\u5c0f\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u98a8\u884c\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u7981\u7d55\u5f0f\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u8981\u6c42\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e2d\u6709\u6027\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u751f\u80b2\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u90fd\u6703\u9f13\u52f5\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u6839\u64da\u300a\u82f1\u570b\u91ab\u5b78\u96dc\u8a8c\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7981\u5236\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u300c\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6210\u6548\u6210\u7591\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5982\u6b63\u5e38\u3001\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u822c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6027\u547d\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u7387\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u70ba\u6578\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u4eba\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u6559\u689d\u5f0f\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u300d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u67d3\u4e0a\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u5305\u62ec\u611b\u6ecb\u75c5\u5728\u5167\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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