{"id":1258,"date":"2009-10-25T22:54:03","date_gmt":"2009-10-25T01:04:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cusp.hk\/wordpress\/?p=1258"},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T16:00:00","slug":"%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%EF%BD%9C%E7%95%B6%E5%89%8D%E9%A0%90%E7%A7%91%E5%92%8C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%9E%E6%96%87%E8%83%BD%E5%8A%9B","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=1258","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u6587\uff5c\u7576\u524d\u9810\u79d1\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u80fd\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: medium\" class=\"Apple-style-span\"><\/p>\n<pre style=\"word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap\">\uff08\u6b64\u6587\u539f\u767c\u8868\u65bc1997\u5e745\u6708\u4e2d\u5927\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8fa6\u7684\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e \u6587\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u8a0e\u6703&mdash;&mdash;\u5f9e\u9810\u79d1\u5230\u5927\u5c08\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u8a72\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u7684 \u767c\u8868\u7d50\u96c6\uff1a\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5b78\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6&mdash;&mdash;\u5f9e\u9810\u79d1\u5230\u5927\u5c08 \u300b\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1998\u5e74\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u3002\uff09  \u7576\u524d\u9810\u79d1\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u80fd\u529b \u9127\u4ed5\u6a11\u3000\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ca\u6587\u5b78\u7cfb  \u6559\u80b2\u754c\u5c0d\u8a9e\u6587\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8b02\u8a9e\u6587\u80fd\u529b \uff0c\u6307\u5c0d\u4e00\u822c\u6f22\u8a9e\u807d\u3001\u8aaa\u3001\u8b80\u3001\u5beb\u7684\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6f22\u8a9e\u5b78 \u7fd2\u548c\u8655\u7406\u5c08\u696d\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002  \u4e0b\u9762\u64ec\u5c31\u56db\u9ede\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u898b\u3002  \u4e00\u2027\u8a9e\u6587\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\uff1f&mdash;&mdash;\u8868\u8c61\u7684\u80cc\u5f8c  \u4eca\u5929\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u6700\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9999\u6e2f\u5b78\u751f\u7684 \u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\u843d\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u90fd\u5e02\u548c\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3 \uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u6b63\u9762\u81e8\u91cd \u5927\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u884c\u696d\u904e\u53bb\u4ee5\u82f1\u8a9e\u70ba\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u6cd5\u5f8b\u754c\u767e\u591a \u5e74\u4f86\u90fd\u4ee5\u82f1\u8a9e\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4eca\u5f8c\u7121\u8ad6\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u5be9\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u3001\u7c3d\u7f72\u5951\u7d04 \uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u81f3\u5c11\u4f54\u540c\u6a23\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u793e\u6703\u4eba\u58eb\u95dc\u5fc3\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u6c34 \u5e73\uff0c\u4e26\u4f5c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u4e4e\u6642\u52e2\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002  \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u4f4e\u843d\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u56de\u4e8b\u5462\uff1f\u5373\u4f7f\u627f\u8a8d\u662f \u4f4e\u843d\uff0c\u4f46\u4f4e\u843d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u90fd\u4e0b\u964d\u4e00 \u9ede\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4f4e\u843d\uff1b\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a72\u7b97\u662f\u4f4e \u843d\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u4eba\u6578\uff0c\u662f\u8ddf\u904e\u53bb\u6bd4\u8f03\u5f97\u4f86\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u4e5f\u6709\u5169\u7a2e \u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u6578\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u6309\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8a08\u7b97\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u597d \u8a9e\u6587\u7684\u4eba\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u504f\u4f4e\u3002[1]   [1] 1997\u5e74\u521d\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u8cc7\u52a9\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8209\u8fa6\u4e86\u300c\u63d0\u5347\u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u7814\u8a0e \u6703\uff08\u4e00\u6708\u5341\u4e00\u65e5\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5b78\u8209\u884c\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u7d44\u662f\u300c\u4e2d \u6587\u8a9e\u6587\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u66fe\u5c31\u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u554f\u984c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u300c\u8207\u6703\u8005\u7686 \u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u8b49\u64da\u986f\u793a\u672c\u6e2f\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\uff08 \u5730\u5340\uff09\u83ef\u4eba\u5b78\u751f\u300d\uff08\u300a\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u300b\u4e2d\u6587\u90e8\u5206\u98017\uff09\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3 \u8868\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u6240\u898b\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u8aa4\uff0c\u5805\u6301\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u5b78 \u751f\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\u843d\u7684\u4eba\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5730\u5340\u7684\u83ef\u4eba\u5b78\u751f \uff0c\u6c34\u5e73\u90fd\u5728\u4e0b\u964d\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002   \u5e73\u5fc3\u800c\u8ad6\uff0c\u8aaa\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u90fd\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u7c21\u55ae \u7684\u9000\u5316\u8ad6\u8005\u3002\u9808\u77e5\u7576\u524d\u74b0\u5883\u8ddf\u904e\u53bb\u5927\u7570\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5927\u5b78 \u751f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8ddf\u6c11\u570b\u521d\u5e74\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u6bd4\uff0c\u6c11\u521d\u7684\u5317\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e5f\u4e0d \u80fd\u8ddf\u79d1\u8209\u6642\u4ee3\u61c9\u8003\u9032\u58eb\u7684\u8209\u5b50\u6bd4\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u771f\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e0d\u5982\u4e00\u4ee3 \uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8b49\u660e\u6587\u5316\u6c38\u9060\u5728\u5012\u9000\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8003\u616e\u751a\u9ebc\u7b56 \u7565\u53bb\u5c0d\u4ed8\u3002  \u81f3\u8aaa\u8a9e\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5f97\u597d\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u7d55\u5c0d\u4eba\u6578\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e5f\u96e3\u6709\u78ba\u8b49\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74 \u4f86\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8ddf\u8a9e\u6587\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5982\u50b3\u8b6f\u548c\u7ffb\u8b6f\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u7de8\u8f2f\u3001\u4e2d \u6587\u4e3b\u4efb\u7b49\uff0c\u5f9e\u4eba\u6578\u770b\u5927\u5e45\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eca\u5929\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u638c\u63e1\u5f97 \u76f8\u7576\u597d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u6578\u76ee\u4e0d\u6703\u6bd4\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u5c11\u3002  \u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6309\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8a08\u7b97\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u504f\u4f4e\u5462\uff1f\u4e0d\u59a8\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u82f1\u8a9e\u7684\u60c5 \u6cc1\u3002\u8003\u8a66\u5c40\u53bb\u5e74\u525b\u9000\u4f11\u7684\u526f\u79d8\u66f8Rex King\u5148\u751f\u8ca0\u8cac\u82f1\u8a9e\u6c34 \u5e73\u6e2c\u8a66\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u64da\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u82f1\u8a9e\u6c34\u5e73\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\u3002 \u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u5b78\u6703\u8003\u82f1\u8a9e\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e59\u8003\u7372C\u7d1a\u6216\u4e0a\u6210\u7e3e\u7684\uff0c\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u7576 \u65bc\u502b\u6566\u5927\u5b78\u70ba\u6d77\u5916\u8003\u751f\u800c\u8a2d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5176\u6bd4\u7387\u81ea\u8003 \u8a66\u5c40\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u90fd\u7dad\u6301\u5728\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u6211 \u5011\u5230\u8655\u78b0\u5230\u82f1\u8a9e\u8e69\u8173\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5462\uff1f\u9053\u7406\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u6559\u80b2 \u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516b\u5341\u4e03\u9069\u9f61\u9752\u5e74\u53c3\u52a0\u4e2d\u5b78\u6703\u8003\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9054 \u4e0d\u5230\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6703\u8003\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u5927\u589e\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8a18\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5920\u6c34\u6e96 \u7684\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u904e\u53bb\u662f\u4e0d\u6703\u5b78\u82f1\u8a9e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u6703\u9032\u5b78\u6821 \u7684\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5c31\u8b80\u9810\u79d1\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u4eba\u6578\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u76f8\u61c9\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u5341\u9918\u5e74 \u4f86\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u984d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u597d\u5e7e\u500d\uff0c\u540c\u7d44\u5e74\u9f61\u9752\u5e74\u7684\u5165\u5b78 \u7387\uff0c\u7531\u4ee5\u5f80\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u516b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u524d \u7684\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u6709\u516d\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u904e\u53bb\u5dee \u4e0d\u591a\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u518d\u770b\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u6839\u64da95\u300196\u5169 \u5e74\u9ad8\u7d1a\u88dc\u5145\u7a0b\u5ea6\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e\u6587\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u79d1\u300d\u7684\u8003\u8a66\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u9019\u5169 \u5e74\u5927\u7d04\u6709\u4e8c\u842c\u4e03\u5343\u4eba\u61c9\u8003\uff0c\u8003\u7372C\u7d1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6210\u7684\u7d04\u70ba\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341 \u4e03\uff0c\u5373\u7d04\u70ba\u56db\u5343\u516d\u767e\u4eba\u3002\u5927\u5b78\u9304\u53d6\u65b0\u751f\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u770b\u8a9e\u6587 \u6210\u7e3e\uff0c\u4f46\u8a66\u628a\u4e2d\u6587\u79d1\u5b64\u7acb\u8d77\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u5728\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u6e2f\u5927\u4e2d \u5927\u6bcf\u5bb6\u53ea\u9304\u53d6\u5343\u9918\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u56db\u5343\u516d\u767e\u4eba\u9084\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u9918\u5730\uff0c\u53ef \u662f\uff0c\u4e5d\u4e03\u5e74\u9810\u8a08\u9999\u6e2f\u5404\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u751f\u7d04\u70ba\u4e00\u842c\u4e94\u5343\u4eba\uff0c\u5165\u5b78 \u65b0\u751f\u61c9\u8a72\u63a5\u8fd1\u9019\u500b\u6578\u76ee\u3002  \u7531\u6b64\u89c0\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4eca\u5929\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u554f\u984c&mdash;&mdash;\u5236\u5ea6 \u628a\u904e\u53bb\u4e0d\u6703\u9032\u5b78\u6821\u5538\u66f8\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u5438\u7d0d\u5230\u5b78\u6821\u88e1\u53bb\u3002\u9019\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d \u5b78\u3001\u9810\u79d1\u3001\u5927\u5b78\uff1b\u662f\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u554f\u984c&mdash;&mdash;\u904e\u53bb\u793e\u6703\u5927\u6982\u6709\u767e\u5206 \u4e4b\u5341\u4e03\u9752\u5e74\u80fd\u597d\u597d\u638c\u63e1\u4e2d\u6587\u5c31\u8db3\u5920\u4e86\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9060\u904e\u65bc \u6b64\u6578\uff1b\u662f\u671f\u671b\u7684\u554f\u984c&mdash;&mdash;\u793e\u6703\u4eba\u58eb\u671f\u671b\u9810\u79d1\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u6587 \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u901a\u9806\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4e0d\u914d\u505a\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u3002  \u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u5c31\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6211 \u5011\u8aaa\u67d0\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u4e0d\u8db3\u5920\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6307\u7b26\u5408\u8cea\u91cf\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5728\u6578\u91cf\u4e0a\u4e0d \u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u7576\u524d\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u8aaa\u9999\u6e2f\u5b78\u751f\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6b63\u8868\u793a \u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u7576\u524d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u9060\u6bd4\u5b78\u6821\u6240\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u591a\u3002\u5047 \u5982\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u9999\u6e2f\u6bcf\u5e74\u9700\u8981\u4e8c\u5343\u500b\u4e2d\u6587\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u5169\u6240\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7562 \u696d\u751f\u5df2\u4ee5\u61c9\u4ed8\uff0c\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\u537b\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u842c\u500b\uff0c\u800c\u52dd\u4efb\u7684\u5927 \u5b78\u751f\u9084\u662f\u56db\u5343\u4e4b\u6578\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u9060\u9060\u4e0d\u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9700\u6c42 \u6108\u5927\uff0c\u6311\u6230\u6108\u5927\uff0c\u5c0d\u5f9e\u4e8b\u6559\u80b2\u8005\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u9762\u81e8\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d \u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u65b0\u7684\u6a5f\u9047\u3002\u8457\u540d\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5b78\u8005Eugene A. Nida\u56db \u6708\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u7406\u8ad6\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u767c\u8868\u5c08\u984c\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u7e3d\u7d50 \u6642\u63d0\u5230\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u6709\u56db\u4e94\u5343\u4eba\uff0c\u582a\u7a31\u5168 \u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u968a\u4f0d\u3002\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5fc5\u9808\u517c\u901a\u5169\u7a2e\u8a9e\u6587\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u9999\u6e2f \u8a9e\u6587\u4eba\u624d\u9700\u6c42\u4e4b\u5927\u3002\u6709\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u503c\u5f97\u6295\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u6211 \u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u628a\u9999\u6e2f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u4ee5\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u70ba\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u8cbf\u6613\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u8cc7 \u8a0a\u767c\u9054\uff0c\u5c0d\u5916\u6e9d\u901a\u983b\u5bc6\uff0c\u8207\u5927\u9678\u5c24\u6709\u5507\u9f52\u76f8\u4f9d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u64da \u5546\u5b78\u9662\u8001\u5e2b\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7562\u696d\u751f\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddf\u5167 \u9678\u6709\u7a2e\u7a2e\u806f\u7e6b\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5148\u5f97\u8003\u5bdf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u4e2d \u6587\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u624d\u80fd\u5177\u9ad4\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u6587\u6c34 \u5e73\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u751a\u9ebc\u7b56\u7565\u53bb\u5c0d\u4ed8 \u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002  \u4e8c\u2027\u6709\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5d29\u6f70  \u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\u8d77\u5b78\u751f\u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u7e3d\u4e0d\u514d\u5927\u6aa2\u8a0e\u4e00\u756a\uff1a\u662f \u4e0d\u662f\u8ab2\u7a0b\u51fa\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u6709\u6240\u504f\u5dee\uff1f\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u61f7 \u7591\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u8981\u8a2d\u7acb\u57fa\u6e96\u8a66\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u696d\u662f\u8cac\u4efb \u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5c08\u696d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u56fa\u7136\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u65b7\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa \u7576\u524d\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5b78\u5d29\u6f70\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u770b\u4eca\u5929\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u58eb\u6c23\u4e0d\u592a\u9ad8 \uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u9ede\u7121\u5948\u3002\u8fd1\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u6bcd\u8a9e\u6559\u5b78\u5927\u53d7\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u5f9e\u5831\u520a\u770b \u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u8cea\u7591\uff1a\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7a76\u7adf\u600e\u6a23\u754c\u5b9a\uff1f\u662f\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u9084\u662f\u666e \u901a\u8a71\uff1f\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7576\u8a9e\u6587\u6559 \u5e2b\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u56f0\u64fe\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u70ba\u5c0d\u8a9e\u8a00\u6709\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6f84\u6e05 \u3002  \u6bcd\u8a9e\u548c\u6559\u5b78\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u524d\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u96e3\u6709\u5171\u8b58 \u3002\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7576\u7136\u6307\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5b69\u63d0\u6642\u671f\u8ddf\u5468\u570d\u7684\u4eba\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5 \u6cc1\u4e0b\u7fd2\u5f97\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9032\u5b78\u6821\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7684 \u6bcd\u8a9e\u662f\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\uff0c\u7528\u6bcd\u8a9e\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u6307\u7528\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u5305\u62ec \u6559\u8a9e\u6587\u3002\u5f35\u6d2a\u5e74\u6559\u6388\u4e94\u6708\u5341\u56db\u65e5\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8aaa \u5230\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u6c42\u5b78\u751f\u653e\u68c4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6bcd\u8a9e\u5ee3\u6771\u8a71[2]\u3002 \u6709\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\u9999\u6e2f\u5b78\u751f\u5beb\u4f5c\u8868\u73fe\u4f4e\u52a3\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u6703\u8aaa\u666e\u901a\u8a71\uff0c \u666e\u901a\u8a71\u8a00\u6587\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5b78\u4e86\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u671f\u300a\u4e9e\u6d32\u9031 \u520a\u300b\u5831\u5c0e\u9999\u6e2f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e2d\u5b78\u526f\u6821\u9577\u8cea\u7591\u4ee5\u5ee3\u6771\u8a71\u4f5c\u70ba\u6559\u5b78\u5a92\u4ecb \u662f\u5426\u9069\u7576\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u53e3\u8a9e\u8207\u66f8\u9762\u8a9e\u59cb\u7d42\u6709\u5dee\u5225\u3002[3]\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u5728\u4efb \u4f55\u8a9e\u8a00\u88e1\uff0c\u53e3\u8a9e\u8ddf\u66f8\u9762\u8a9e\u662f\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bc\u5169\u500b\u7cfb \u7d71\uff0c\u8a00\u6587\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u5728\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u3002[4]   [2] \u898b\u5f35\u6d2a\u5e74\uff1a\u3008\u5f9e\u8a9e\u8a00\u81ea\u89ba\u770b\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3009\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f \u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u9ec3\u6fa4\u68ee\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u8a2a\u554f\u6559\u6388\u516c\u958b\u8b1b\u5ea7\u8b1b\u8fad\u30021997\u5e74 5\u670814\u65e5\u3002 [3] \u898b\u300a\u4e9e\u6d32\u9031\u520a\u300b\uff0c1997\u5e745\u670811\u65e5\uff0c\u980173\u3002 [4] \u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6\u6731\u5fb7\u7199\u8aaa\u904e\uff1a\u300c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5728\u54ea\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u88e1\uff0c\u66f8\u9762\u8a9e\u548c\u53e3 \u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7e3d\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u6f22\u8a9e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u66f8\u9762\u8a71\u548c\u53e3\u8a9e\u7684 \u5340\u5225\u4e00\u76f4\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u3002\u300d\uff08\u898b\u6731\u5fb7\u7199\uff1a\u3008\u73fe\u5728\u66f8\u9762\u6f22\u8a9e\u3009\uff0c\u8f09 \u300a\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u300b1987\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002\uff08\u53c8\u82f1\u570b\u8457\u540d\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6Randolph Quirk\u5728\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5f15\u8ff0\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u6f22\u5b78\u5bb6Thomas Wade\u7acb\u5fd7 \u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u627e\u4f4d\u597d\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u5225\u4eba\u5c31\u554f\u4ed6\uff1a\u300c\u8acb\u554f \u4f60\u8981\u5b78\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e2d\u6587\uff1f\u6709\u53e4\u4ee3\u5178\u7c4d\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u6709\u5f80\u4f86\u66f8\u4fe1\u7528 \u7684\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u53e3\u8a9e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u597d\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u8a00\u3002\u300dQuirk\u63a5\u8457\u6307 \u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u82f1\u8a9e\uff0c\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e5f\u76f8\u985e\u4f3c\u3002\u300c\u82f1\u8a9e\u300d\u8ddf\u300c\u4e2d\u6587\u300d\u4e00 \u6a23\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u90e8\u5206\u53c8\u80fd\u7368\u7acb \u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u53e3\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u898b\u4e4b\u65bc\u66f8 \u9762\u8a9e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u53e3\u8a9e\u7684\u8b8a\u9ad4\u5247\u751a\u5c11\u5728\u66f8\u9762\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\uff08Randolph Quirk-; &#39;Looking at English in use&#39;; \u6536\u5728Language in Education (London-; 1975)\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u980131-37\u3002\uff09   \u7576\u7136\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u8a5e\u532f\u548c\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u8ddf\u767d\u8a71\u6587\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u5b78\u6703\u666e\u901a \u8a71\u5c0d\u5beb\u4f5c\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u4f55\u6cc1\u70ba\u4e86\u8ddf\u5341\u4e8c\u5104\u4eba\u6613\u65bc\u6e9d\u901a\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u5b78 \u751f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u5b78\u666e\u901a\u8a71\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u70ba\u5b78\u6703\u4e86\u666e\u901a\u8a71\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u80fd\u7528\u666e\u901a \u8a71\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u5c31\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u8a9e\u6587\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u5317 \u4eac\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u4e0a\u8a9e\u6587\u8ab2\u4e86\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u4e8c\u5343\u5e74\u66f8\u9762\u8a9e \u7528\u6587\u8a00\uff0c\u8b80\u66f8\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u8f1d\u714c\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u554f\u984c \u6211\u5728\u5225\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u88e1\u8ac7\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u4e0d\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002  \u518d\u5f9e\u5b78\u7406\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u8207\u5317\u65b9\u8a71\uff0c\u6709\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6 \u8996\u70ba\u6f22\u8a9e\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u300c\u65b9\u8a00\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u300c\u8a9e\u8a00\u300d\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u6d66 \u7acb\u672c\uff08Pulleybank\uff09\u627f\u8a8d\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u8ddf\u666e\u901a\u8a71\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u82f1\u8a9e\u8ddf\u5fb7 \u8a9e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e92\u76f8\u6e9d\u901a\u3002\u4f46\u524d\u4e8c\u8005\u548c\u5f8c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8a9e\u8a00\u74b0\u5883\u5f88 \u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e00\u5247\u662f\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u8ddf\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e8c\u5247 \u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u66f8\u5beb\u7b26\u865f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u548c\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u90fd \u61c9\u8996\u70ba\u6f22\u8a9e\u65b9\u8a00\u3002[5]\u6211\u5011\u5927\u53ef\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8996\u81ea\u5df1\u70ba\u5357\u883b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f7f \u7528\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u8a00\u5340\u7684\u540c\u80de\u7121\u7570\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6f22\u8a9e\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u3002   [5] \u53c3\u8003William S.Y. Wang-; &#39;Languages or Dialects?&#39; \u6536 \u5728the CUHK Journal of Humanities Volume 1 1997\uff0c\u9801 54-62\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5f90\u901a\u93d8\uff1a\u300a\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\u5546\u52d9\uff0c 1991\uff09\u66f8\u4e2d\u8868\u5217\u7684\u6f22\u8a9e\u65b9\u8a00\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u8a5e\u532f\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\u8a9e \u8a00\u5b78\u5bb6\u5617\u8a66\u4ee5\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u672c\u8a5e\u532f\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5169\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u6216\u65b9\u8a00 \u76f8\u7570\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5f90\u901a\u93d8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u8207\u5317\u4eac\u8a71\u57fa \u672c\u8a5e\u532f\u548c\u76f8\u540c\u8005\u4f54\u767e\u5206\u4e4b74\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4ee5\u5916\u516d\u5927\u65b9\u8a00\u5340\u5c6c\u4e2d \u7b49\uff0c\u5ec8\u9580\u8a71\u548c\u6885\u7e23\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8981\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5357\u660c\u8a71\u5247\u70ba\u767e\u5206\u4e4b76 \uff0c\u8ddf\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002   \u8fd1\u5e74\u4e0d\u5c11\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5e2b\u52aa\u529b\u5b78\u7fd2\u666e\u901a\u8a71\uff0c\u662f\u597d\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5169\u4e09\u5e74\u524d \u6211\u66fe\u53c3\u8207\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u80b2\u5b78\u9662\u62db\u8058\u6559\u5e2b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u61c9\u5fb5\u8005\u9808\u5728\u8868\u683c\u4e0a \u586b\u5831\u5c08\u696d\u7279\u9577\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u6b04\u586b\u5831\u300c\u666e\u901a\u8a71\u6559\u5b78\u300d \uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7562\u696d\u751f\u3002\u7576\u7136\u6211\u5f88\u9ad8\u8208\u4ed6\u5011\u52c7\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u5c08\u696d \u4e0a\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u518d\u7d30\u60f3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e\u8a00\u6587\u5b78\u4e0a\u53d7\u904e\u56b4\u683c\u8a13 \u7df4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u9084\u6301\u6709\u9ad8\u7d1a\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u8a9e\u8a00\u6216\u6587\u5b78\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u7bc4\u570d \uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u6d78\u6deb\u591a\u5e74\u5f97\u4f86\u7684\u5b78\u990a\u4e0d\u7b97\u7279\u9577\uff0c\u5b78\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u7684\u666e \u901a\u8a71\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u5012\u6210\u4e86\u7279\u9577\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u4e5f\u8a31\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d \u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u4f46\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u53d7\u904e\u5c08\u696d\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u7528\u5ee3\u5dde\u8a71\u6559\u8a9e \u6587\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5c08\u9577\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c08\u9577\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u8a00\u5340\u6559\u5e2b\u7121\u6cd5\u53d6\u4ee3 \u7684\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u64da\u4f86\u8a2a\u8005\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u6b63\u8981\u914d\u5408\u958b\u653e \u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u9081\u5411\u591a\u8a9e\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\u6b63\u662f\u767c\u5c55\u96d9\u8a9e\uff08 \u6307\u4e2d\u6587\u82f1\u8a9e\uff09\u3001\u591a\u65b9\u8a00\u3001\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u4f46 \u4e0d\u8a72\u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u61be\uff0c\u66f4\u61c9\u8a72\u7a4d\u6975\u53bb\u9762\u5c0d\uff0c\u518d\u8aaa\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u7576\u5c40\u525b\u767c \u51fa\u4e86\u6bcd\u8a9e\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u5f37\u529b\u6307\u5f15\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u6559\u8a9e\u6587\u5012\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6bcd\u8a9e\u5462\uff1f  \u4e0a\u9762\u4e3b\u8981\u91dd\u5c0d\u8868\u8c61\u7684\u80cc\u8c61\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8a66\u5716\u628a\u73fe\u8c61\u5408 \u7406\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6559\u5e2b\u90fd\u8a72\u5b89\u65bc\u73fe\u72c0\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u751a\u9ebc\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u5149\u8aaa \u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\u843d\u6c92\u6709\u7a4d\u6975\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u76f8\u61c9\u7684 \u914d\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4ee5\u70ba\u6b63\u9762\u81e8\u5d29\u6f70\u3002\u7576\u524d\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6559\u5e2b\u7684 \u4fe1\u5fc3\u548c\u7a4d\u6975\u6027\u3002  \u4e09\u2027\u5ef6\u7e8c\u8207\u914d\u5408&mdash;&mdash;\u9810\u79d1\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u53d6\u5411  \u9999\u6e2f\u76ee\u524d\u9810\u79d1\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u8a9e\u6587\u6559 \u5b78\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u7531\u56db\u5e74\u5236\u6539\u70ba\u4e09\u5e74\u5236\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5927\u5b78\u4e00\u5e74 \u7d1a\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u79fb\u5230\u9810\u79d1\u88e1\u53bb\u3002\u81ea\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u56db\u5e74\u5168\u9762\u5be6\u884c\u4e09\u5e74\u5b78 \u5236\uff0c\u4e2d\u5927\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u5fc5\u4fee\u5927\u5b78\u570b\u6587\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u898f \u5b9a\u3002\u9019\u9805\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5927\u6210\u7acb\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5be6\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u53d6\u6d88 \u7684\u7406\u64da\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u662f\u4e09\u5e74\u5b78\u5236\u5bb9\u7d0d\u4e0d\u4e0b\u5171\u4f54\u5341\u4e8c\u5b78\u5206\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u8ab2 \u7a0b\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904e\u53bb\u53d6\u9304\u7684\u65b0\u751f\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u4e2d\u4e94\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4e0d\u518d\u4fee\u8b80\u4e2d \u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u8a2d\u7acb\u9ad8\u7d1a\u88dc\u5145\u7a0b\u5ea6\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e\u6587\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u300d\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c \u4e2d\u5927\u8981\u6c42\u5b78\u751f\u4fee\u8b80\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u4e0d\u6703\u6bd4\u4fee\u7fd2\u4e00\u5e74\u5927 \u5b78\u570b\u6587\u5c11\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u662f\u5f37\u5236\u4fee\u8b80\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u52d5\u6a5f\u4e0d\u6703\u5f88\u5f37\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8b93 \u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u7531\u9078\u4fee\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u548c\u9700\u8981\u3002\u53d6\u6d88\u5927\u5b78\u570b\u6587\u5f8c \u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb\u81ea\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u5373\u5df2\u8457\u624b\u898f\u5283\uff0c \u9678\u7e8c\u589e\u52a0\u8a9e\u6587\u9078\u4fee\u79d1\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u4e5d\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u958b\u8a2d\u5341\u79d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \u5305\u62ec\u5c08\u9580\u8a9e\u6587\u79d1\u76ee\u5982\u5546\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u3001\u884c\u653f\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7167\u9867 \u540c\u5b78\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6587\u85dd\u5beb\u4f5c\u521d\u968e\uff0c\u5c0d\u806f\u7fd2\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u524d\u6211 \u5011\u6210\u7acb\u8a9e\u6587\u81ea\u5b78\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6587\u90e8\uff0c\u70ba\u5168\u6821\u5b78\u751f\u670d\u52d9\u3002  \u770b\u9810\u79d1\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u9019\u5e74\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e\u6587\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u79d1\uff0c\u5f9e\u6559\u5b78\u76ee \u6a19\u548c\u8a2d\u8a08\u770b\uff0c\u662f\u69cb\u601d\u5468\u5bc6\u3001\u5207\u5408\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u6559\u5b78\u7bc0\u6578\uff0c \u4e2d\u516d\u4e2d\u4e03\u5169\u5b78\u5e74\u53ef\u7528\u9031\u6b21\u70ba50\u9031\uff0c250\u6559\u7bc0\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u5b78\u4e00\u5b78\u671f \u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d85\u904e13\u9031\uff0c39\u6559\u7bc0\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ab0\u90fd\u770b\u51fa\u9810\u79d1\u505a \u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u8ac7\u4f55\u5bb9\u6613\uff01\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7576\u524d\u7684\u6025\u52d9\uff0c \u662f\u78ba\u5b9a\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e9b\u751a\u9ebc\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u8a8d\u6e05\u53ef\u505a \u4e9b\u751a\u9ebc\u3002  \u4eca\u5929\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5c08\u9662\u6821\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u6709\u5169\u500b\u5171\u901a\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00 \u662f\u8da8\u5411\u529f\u80fd\u5316\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u5f37\u8abf\u8a9e\u6587\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u6027\uff0c\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u79d1\u670d \u52d9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5404\u9662\u6821\u90fd\u958b\u8a2d\u5be6\u7528\u800c\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u8a9e\u6587\u8ab2\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u5c08\u696d \u4e2d\u6587\u300d\u3001\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6587\u50b3\u610f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5546\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\u6587 \u300d\u3001\u300c\u6703\u8a08\u4e2d\u6587\u300d\u3001\u300c\u884c\u653f\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e2d\u6587\u300d\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u5c08\u9580\u8a9e \u6587\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u69cb\u601d\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u88e1\u8a0e\u8ad6\u904e\u3002\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a9e \u8a00\u5b78\u8207\u6709\u5171\u540c\u8a9e\uff08Common Language\uff09\u548c\u5c08\u9580\u8a9e\uff08Special Language\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5171\u540c\u8a9e\u6307\u8a9e\u8a00\u96c6\u5718\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u65e5\u5e38\u751f \u6d3b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5c08\u9580\u8a9e\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7bc4\u570d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u8b8a\u9ad4 \uff0c\u5982\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u6703\u8a08\u3001\u91ab\u7642\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5171\u540c\u8a9e\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a \u767c\u5c55\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u8b8a\u9ad4\uff0c\u7e3d\u9084\u662f\u6709\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u4e0a\u6240\u8b02\u5171 \u540c\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\uff08Common Core\uff09\u3002\u5b78\u7fd2\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5148\u5f97\u5b78\u5171\u540c \u8a9e\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6211\u5011\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u57fa\u790e\u5c1a\u672a\u7a69\u56fa\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u8a9e \u6c92\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u5f97\u597d\uff0c\u537b\u8981\u7528\u901f\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b78\u5c08\u9580\u8a9e\u3002[6]   [6] \u53c3\u8003\u9127\u4ed5\u6a11\uff0c\u3008\u5c08\u9580\u8a9e\u6587\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u69cb\u601d\u548c\u524d\u666f<\/pre>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uff08\u6b64\u6587\u539f\u767c\u8868\u65bc1997\u5e745\u6708\u4e2d\u5927\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8fa6\u7684\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u570b\u8a9e \u6587\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u8a0e\u6703&mdash;&mdash;\u5f9e\u9810\u79d1\u5230\u5927\u5c08 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8209,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1258"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1258"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1258\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}