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\n\u82e5\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u5584\u5e95\u5c64\u8fb2\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u5c31\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u8fb2\u6c11\u70ba\u884c\u52d5\u4e3b\u9ad4\u3001\u80fd\u5920\u771f\u6b63\u7dad\u8b77\u8fb2\u6c11\u6b0a\u76ca\u7684\u8fb2\u6c11\u5354\u6703\uff08\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31\u8fb2\u6703\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1998\u5e74\uff0c\u8861\u967d\u7e23\u8fb2\u6c11\u5f6d\u69ae\u4fca\u70ba\u6e1b\u8f15\u8fb2\u6c11\u8ca0\u64d4\u548c\u53cd\u5c0d\u8caa\u5b98\u6c61\u540f\uff0c\u8ddf\u4e00\u73ed\u8fb2\u6c11\u7d44\u6210\u4e86\u300c\u6e1b\u8ca0\u4ee3\u8868\u300d\u968a\u4f0d\u9032\u884c\u4e0a\u8a2a\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u5404\u6751\u4e4b\u9593\u4e0a\u8a2a\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6e1b\u8ca0\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6d41\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u591a\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u4ee5\u7dad\u8b77\u793e\u6703\u6cbb\u5b89\u70ba\u540d\u6253\u58d3\u4e00\u773e\u6e1b\u8ca0\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6751\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u9109\u93ae\u7684\u300c\u6297\u722d\u968a\u4f0d\u300d\u806f\u5408\u3002\u540c\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u7e23\u88e1\u5404\u9109\u93ae87\u500b\u6e1b\u8ca0\u4ee3\u8868\u79d8\u5bc6\u8209\u884c\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u7e23\u6027\u7684\u6e1b\u8ca0\u4e0a\u8a2a\u4ee3\u8868\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u5168\u7e23\u6027\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u6297\u722d\u7db2\u7d61\u30022003\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5177\u9ad4\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u7e23\u8fb2\u6703\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\u548c\u7ae0\u7a0b\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5411\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6210\u7acb\u8fb2\u6703\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002[2]\u5373\u4f7f\u9019\u8981\u6c42\u906d\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u9580\u5426\u6c7a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7121\u640d\u4ed6\u5011\u7d44\u7e54\u8fb2\u6703\u7684\u6c7a\u5fc3\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7d44\u7e54\u4e00\u76f4\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u8fb2\u6c11\u8ca0\u64d4\u554f\u984c\u3001\u8fb2\u6751\u5b78\u6821\u4e82\u6536\u8cbb\u554f\u984c\u3001\u8a08\u5283\u751f\u80b2\u3001\u8fb2\u6751\u6c34\u96fb\u8cbb\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u51fa\u63a7\u544a\uff0c\u6975\u529b\u63a1\u53d6\u5404\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8feb\u4f7f\u9109\u93ae\u653f\u5e9c\u4f5c\u51fa\u6539\u5584\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5168\u7e23\u8fb2\u6c11\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u9817\u5927\u7684\u865f\u53ec\u529b\uff0c\u4ee4\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u958b\u59cb\u628a\u4ed6\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u5354\u5546\u5c0d\u8a71\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fb2\u6703\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u5236\u7d04\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u5718\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u6607\u8fb2\u6c11\u6c11\u4e3b\u610f\u8b58\u53ca\u53c3\u653f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6c11\u9593\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u8de8\u884c\u653f\u55ae\u4f4d\u7684\u793e\u5340\u6027\u5408\u4f5c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u9748\u6d3b\u904b\u7528\u5404\u5340\u8cc7\u6e90\u53ca\u4fc3\u9032\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u8fb2\u696d\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u751f\u7522\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u9032\u884c\u5167\u90e8\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fb2\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fb2\u6c11\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u9593\u4e00\u76f4\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8f03\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5354\u5546\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u8fb2\u6703\u5149\u6191\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e0a\u8a2a\u3001\u8207\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4ea4\u6d89\u3001\u5411\u8fb2\u6c11\u5ba3\u50b3\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u4e2d\u5171\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\u5167\u7684\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u96e3\u4ee5\u771f\u6b63\u4fdd\u969c\u8fb2\u6c11\u7684\u6b0a\u76ca\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9577\u9060\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4f7f\u7531\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u3001\u4ee5\u8fb2\u6c11\u70ba\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u8fb2\u6751\u53ca\u8fb2\u696d\u6539\u9769\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u4e2d\u570b\u63a8\u884c\u66f4\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u50cf\u66f4\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u6539\u9769\u2500\u2500\u905e\u9032\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236
\n<\/strong>\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u4e2d\u570b\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u65e2\u7531\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u53c8\u914d\u5408\u570b\u5167\u5be6\u969b\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\uff1f\u5167\u5730\u4f5c\u5bb6\u738b\u529b\u96c4\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u905e\u9032\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u6bd4\u897f\u65b9\u4ee3\u8b70\u6c11\u4e3b\u53ca\u4e2d\u5171\u73fe\u6709\u9ad4\u5236\u66f4\u9069\u5408\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u905e\u9032\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u300c\u9010\u5c64\u905e\u9078\u5236\u300d\u548c\u300c\u905e\u9032\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5236\u300d\u5169\u90e8\u5206\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a
\n\uff0e\u5148\u5047\u8a2d\u4e2d\u570b\u8fb2\u6751\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u5143\u662f\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u6751\u300d\u3002
\n\uff0e\u6751\u4e2d\u6bcf\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u90fd\u8981\u9078\u51fa1\u500b\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u7d44\u6210\u81ea\u7136\u6751\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u4ee5\u5354\u5546\u548c\u5c11\u6578\u670d\u5f9e\u591a\u6578\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u81ea\u7136\u6751\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u52d9\u3002[3]
\n\uff0e\u4ed6\u5011\u9078\u8209\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u6751\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e3b\u4efb\uff08\u5373\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6751\u6c11\u7d44\u9577\uff09\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u57f7\u884c\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002
\n\uff0e\u9019\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e3b\u4efb\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u6210\u70ba\u4e0a\u4e00\u7d1a\u7d44\u7e54\u2500\u2500\u300c\u884c\u653f\u6751\u300d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8a72\u81ea\u7136\u6751\u53c3\u52a0\u884c\u653f\u6751\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u5354\u5546\u548c\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002
\n\uff0e\u9019\u884c\u653f\u6751\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u80fd\u5920\u53c3\u8207\u884c\u653f\u6751\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e3b\u4efb\uff08\u5373\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6751\u59d4\u6703\u4e3b\u4efb\uff09\u7684\u9078\u8209\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u9078\u8209\u8005\u548c\u7576\u9078\u8005\u6703\u69cb\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5c64\u584a\u300d\uff0c\u5404\u5c64\u584a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6c7a\u7b56\u6a5f\u69cb\u662f\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u884c\u653f\u6751\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff09\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee53\u52062\u4e4b\u591a\u6578\u901a\u904e\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u64a4\u92b7\u81ea\u6cbb\u9ad4\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6027\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee52\u5206\u4e4b1\u4e4b\u591a\u6578\u64a4\u92b7\u8a72\u5c64\u584a\u7684\u884c\u653f\u9996\u9577\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u800c\u9010\u5c64\u905e\u9078\u5f8c\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u88e1\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5c64\u584a\u662f\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d\u3002[4]\u70ba\u4e86\u5236\u7d04\u7576\u9078\u8005\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u5c64\u584a\u90fd\u8a2d\u96a8\u6642\u9078\u8209\u5236\uff0c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u53ef\u96a8\u6642\u4ee5\u81ea\u767c\u7684\u9078\u8209\u66f4\u63db\u7576\u9078\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5171\u67093\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u7d44\u7e54\uff1a
\n\u4e00\u3001\u516c\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5373\u5404\u5c64\u584a\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u4e26\u884c\u4f7f\u516c\u5171\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u9032\u884c\u905e\u9032\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1b
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u773e\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u70ba\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u751f\u7522\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7b49\u5177\u9ad4\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u76ee\u6a19\u800c\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8fb2\u6703\u3001\u653f\u9ee8\u3001\u6559\u6703)[5]\uff1b
\n\u4e09\u3001\u79c1\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u79c1\u6709\u4f01\u696d\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u7686\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u670d\u5f9e\u5176\u6240\u5728\u5730\u7684\u516c\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u500b\u516c\u6c11\u9808\u81f3\u5c11\u53c3\u52a0\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5354\u52a9\u516c\u6b0a\u7d44\u7e54\u5c65\u884c\u516c\u52d9\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u6a5f\u69cb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6703\u8a08\u548c\u54e1\u8b66\uff09\uff0c\u7686\u7531\u8a72\u5c64\u584a\u7684\u884c\u653f\u9996\u9577\u4efb\u547d\u6216\u8058\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u91cd\u8981\u8077\u52d9\u7684\u4eba\u9078\u5247\u9808\u7531\u8a72\u5c64\u584a\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4ee52\u5206\u4e4b1\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7968\u6578\u901a\u904e\u6216\u7f77\u514d\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u670d\u5f9e\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n

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