\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6539\u9769\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u756b\u9762\u90fd\u4e00\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u3002\u5ffd\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6eff\u5929\u9ad8\u6a13\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u904e\u7740\u8072\u8272\u72ac\u99ac\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5ffd\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u6d3b\u5728\u71b1\u934b\u4e0a\u9032\u9000\u4e0d\u5f97\uff0c\u65e5\u5fa9\u65e5\u5982\u6a5f\u5668\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u7121\u6687\u554f\u500b\u7a76\u7adf\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4ee4\u5de5\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u7522\u751f\u5287\u8b8a\u7684\u6539\u9769<\/strong><\/p>\n 1980 \u5e74\uff0c\u300c\u6625\u904b\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5b98\u65b9\u901a\u8a0a\u793e\u7684\u96fb\u8a0a\u7a3f\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u52d5\u7269\u5927\u9077\u5f99\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u756b\u9762\u4e0a\u76e1\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5f80\u8eca\u4e0a\u64e0\uff0c\u5f80\u9435\u8def\u4e0a\u64e0\u3002<\/p>\n 1989 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6c92\u6709\u56e0\u6c11\u904b\u51fa\u73fe\u800c\u767c\u751f\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u5169\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c \u9127\u5c0f\u5e73\u5357\u5de1\uff0c \u5230\u8a2a\u6df1\u5733\u3001\u73e0\u6d77\u3001\u5ee3\u5dde\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u78ba\u7acb\u5ee3\u6771\u5730\u5340\u300c\u751f\u7522\u529b\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u5e02\u57f8\u5316\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n \u6539\u9769\u958b\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u529b\u767c\u5c55\u6cbf\u5cb8\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ee4 1980\u5e74\u9593\u6709\u7d04 1.3 \u5104\u4eba\u6e67\u5230\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u70ba\u8fb2\u6c11\u5de5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e4f\u9130\u8fd1\u7701\u4efd\u7684\u5916\u4f86\u5de5\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ed6\u5011\u5df2\u9054 2.6 \u5104\u4eba\u3002[1]<\/p>\n \u57ce\u9109\u5dee\u8ddd\u56fa\u7136\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u8eab\u8655\u57ce\u5e02\u4ecd\u96e3\u9003\u5384\u904b\u3002\u7531 1980 \u81f3 2010 \u5e74\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u8db3\u8db3\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u4e00\u500d [2]\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u78ba\u5be6\u5bcc\u4e86\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u72a7\u7272\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n \u5de5\u4eba\u64e0\u5230\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4f46\u751f\u6d3b\u537b\u52d5\u7269\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5e74\u5fa9\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u65e2\u60f3\u96e2\u958b\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u56de\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n \u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u5c0d\u65bc\u5de5\u4eba\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u80fd\u904e\u65bc\u7c60\u7d71\uff0c\u4e5f\u904e\u65bc\u96f6\u788e\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u6539\u9769\u958b\u653e\u81f3\u4eca\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u906d\u9047\u7d93\u6b77\u592a\u591a\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u4ecd\u5617\u8a66\u7c21\u8ff0\u6539\u9769\u548c\u516b\u4e5d\u5f8c\u4e2d\u570b\u52de\u5de5\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u5927\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u8b02\u4e2d\u570b\u5d1b\u8d77\u6216\u5176\u7e41\u69ae\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u8a18\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u9019\u4e9b\u6158\u6cc1\u4e0d\u81f3\u65bc\u5f9e\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\u6d88\u901d\u3002<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u8840\u67d3\u7684\u751f\u7522\u7e3d\u503c\u3001\u7121\u51fa\u53e3\u7684\u751f\u7522\u73fe\u57f8<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cI joined the factory like a beggar,<\/p>\n worked there like a prisoner,<\/p>\n and lived like a thief…\u201d<\/p>\n \u4e00\u540d\u5f9e\u96fb\u5b50\u5ee0\u9003\u51fa\u7684\u7537\u5de5\u81ea\u8ff0 [3]<\/p>\n \u7a76\u7adf\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u6d3b\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u4e16\u754c?<\/p>\n \u70ba\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5b8f\u5927\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c1978 \u5e74\u8d77\u7684\u5e02\u57f8\u5316\u6539\u9769\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u80fd\u9055\u9006\u7684\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b\uff0c\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5411\u57ce\u5e02\u50be\u5074\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u9084\u5e36\u982d\u628a\u570b\u6709\u4f01\u696d\u9010\u4e00\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3002[4] \u5e02\u57f8\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u9084\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u90fd\u5728\u76e4\u7b97\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u5229\u6f64\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u4ed6\u5011\u773c\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5806\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5b89\u7a69\u751f\u6d3b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8b8a\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u68ee\u6797\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u6c92\u6709\u5de5\u4eba\u80fd\u52dd\u51fa\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u3002<\/p>\n \u6539\u9769\u958b\u653e\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u6578\u4ee5\u5104\u8a08\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u70ba\u751f\u8a08\u805a\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u500b\u7d93\u6fdf\u7279\u5340 [5]\uff0c\u5c0b\u627e\u4e00\u5de5\u534a\u8077\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u76e1\u662f\u70ba\u6c42\u8077\u800c\u5954\u6ce2\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u8f03\u4f4e\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u9762\u5c0d\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6b20\u7f3a\u7c4c\u78bc\u8207\u8cc7\u65b9\u8b70\u50f9\uff0c\u4e00\u5fc3\u53ea\u6c42\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9ad8\u5371\u5316\u5de5\u5ee0\u3001\u6b20\u7f3a\u898f\u7ba1\u7684\u7926\u57f8\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u7f3a\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6703\u7fa9\u7121\u53cd\u9867\u3002\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9084\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7559\u5f97\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u5c11\u4f01\u696d\u5728\u76c8\u5229\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u9577\u4e0b\u9084\u6703\u7121\u6545\u89e3\u50f1\u4e00\u773e\u5de5\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u63db\u4e0a\u4e00\u6279\u9858\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u66f4\u5dee\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u3002[6] \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6539\u9769\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u696d\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7e8c\u81f3\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n \u958b\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u624d\u767c\u89ba\u9019\u662f\u60e1\u5922\u7684\u958b\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n \u7559\u5f97\u4f4f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u7559\u4e0d\u4f4f\u85aa\u91d1\u30021999 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u5de5\u4eba\u8a55\u50f9\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u82e6\u6cc1:\u300c\u73fe\u5728\u6309\u6708\u767c\u5de5\u8cc7\u5012\u662f\u65b0\u805e\u4e86\u300d\u3002[7] \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u66f4\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4f01\u696d\u8d81\u706b\u6253\u52ab\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a66\u7528\u671f\u70ba\u540d\u6bcf\u9694\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u5c31\u63db\u4e0a\u514d\u8cbb\u52de\u5de5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u628a\u6eef\u92b7\u54c1\u7576\u4f5c\u5de5\u8cc7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7164\u3002[8] \u4ee5\u7164\u4f5c\u5de5\u8cc7\u5be6\u5728\u805e\u6240\u672a\u805e\uff0c\u8a66\u60f3\u50cf\u9023\u4f01\u696d\u4e5f\u8ce3\u4e0d\u51fa\u7684\u7164\uff0c\u96e3\u9053\u5de5\u4eba\u80fd\u65bd\u9b54\u6cd5\u628a\u5b83\u5011\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u98df\u7269\u55ce?\u9019\u4e9b\u53ef\u90fd\u662f\u96e2\u9109\u5225\u4e95\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e5\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d85\u904e 15 \u5c0f\u6642\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u70ba\u57ce\u5e02\u4ed8\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u537b\u88ab\u57ce\u5e02\u7576\u4f5c\u5974\u96b8\u770b\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u5be7\u6ce2\u6709\u4e00\u9593\u5c08\u9580\u91ab\u6cbb\u65b7\u6307\u7684\u91ab\u9662\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5929\u6709 30 \u540d\u65b7\u6307\u75c5\u4eba\u6c42\u8a3a\uff0c\u55ae\u5728 04 \u5e74\u5c31\u505a\u4e86\u4e0a\u842c\u4f8b\u9019\u985e\u7684\u624b\u8853\u3002\u91ab\u9662\u5468\u570d\u662f\u751f\u7522\u5ee0\u623f\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u6709\u5de5\u5ee0\u4e7e\u8106\u958b\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u50f9\u683c\u8868\uff1a\u300c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6216\u5931\u53bb\u96d9\u624b\uff0c \u8ce0\u511f\u4eba\u6c11\u5e63 15\uff0c000 \u5143\uff1b\u5927\u62c7\u6307\uff0c3\uff0c000 \u5143 ;\u5c0f\u6307\uff0c 750 \u5143\u300d\u3002\u539f\u4f86\u751f\u547d\u6709\u50f9\uff0c \u800c\u4e14\u4f4e\u5ec9\u5f97\u5f88\u3002[9] 2003\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u6709 13 \u842c 6 \u5343\u4eba\u6b7b\u65bc\u5de5\u50b7\uff0c\u8fb2\u6c11\u5de5\u4f54\u516b\u6210\u3002[10]\u800c\u5728 04 \u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u8fb2\u6c11\u5de5\u7684\u5de5\u50b7\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u66fe\u6709\u597d\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c \u300c\u5de5\u50b7\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u8fb2\u6c11\u5de5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u652f\u6490\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u88fd\u9020\u300d\u7684\u5ec9\u50f9\uff0c\u662f\u6578\u4e4b\u4e0d\u76e1\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u8005\u8840\u6c57\u8207\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u653f\u5e9c\u70ba\u4e86\u914d\u5408\u6539\u9769\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u90fd\u50be\u5411\u4e86\u8cc7\u65b9\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6cd5\u4f8b\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u8cc7\u4e0a\u9650\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u7af6\u722d\u529b\u5438\u5f15\u5916\u8cc7\uff0c\u82e5\u5de5\u4eba\u6708\u85aa\u8d85\u904e 600 \u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e63\uff0c\u4fbf\u8981\u5411\u7576\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u7e73\u4ea4\u984d\u5916\u7a05\u9805\u3002[11] \u5728 05 \u5e74\uff0c\u5ee3\u6771\u6771\u839e\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u5206\u7ba1\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u526f\u5e02\u9577\u4e5f\u66fe\u660e\u8a00\u300c\u8abf\u9ad8\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u6c34\u5e73\u6703\u8d95\u8d70\u5916\u4f86\u6295\u8cc7\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u85c9\u6b64\u62d2\u7d55\u8abf\u9ad8\u6700\u4f4e\u5de5\u8cc7\u6c34\u5e73\u3002[12] \u4e8b\u5be6\u662f\uff0c \u7531 1978\u5e74\u81f3 2007 \u5e74\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8ca1\u653f\u6536\u5165\u78ba\u662f\u6309\u5e74\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u8077\u5de5\u5de5\u8cc7\u4f54 GDP \u6bd4\u91cd\u537b\u4e00\u76f4\u5448\u53cd\u6bd4\u4e0b\u964d\u3002[13] \u6211\u4e0d\u7981\u8981\u554f\uff0c\u8ab0\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u9593\u53c8\u4e00\u9593\u8840\u6c57\u5de5\u5ee0\uff0c\u8ab0\u53c8\u662f\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u5f97\u76ca\u8005\uff1f\u5de5\u4eba\u53c8\u96e3\u9053\u672a\u66fe\u5bdf\u89ba\u8eab\u9677\u96aa\u5883\u55ce\uff1f\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u5176\u5be6\u5225\u7121\u4ed6\u9078\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5fcd\u6c23\u541e\u8072\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u990a\u6d3b\u5bb6\u5ead\u6bd4\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4f86\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u4e0d\u6b62\u606f\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u6297\u722d\u3001\u9006\u6d41\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4<\/strong><\/p>\n \u9019\u662f\u500b\u7fa4\u9b54\u4e82\u821e\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n \u300a\u52de\u52d5\u6cd5\u300b\u7d42\u5728 95 \u5e74\u843d\u5be6\uff0c \u800c 08 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\u5118\u7ba1\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u52de\u8cc7\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u8655\u65bc\u6975\u7aef\u5f31\u52e2\uff0c\u4f46\u9762\u5c0d\u6b3a\u58d3\u4e5f\u6709\u5fcd\u7121\u53ef\u5fcd\u7684\u6642\u5019\u3002\u300c\u6211\u5011\uff08\u5de5\u4eba\uff09\u8d81\u9999\u6e2f\u8001\u95c6\u5230\u4f86\u5de1\u8996\u5ee0\u623f\uff0c\u628a\u77f3\u982d\u548c\u78da\u64f2\u5230\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7b54\u61c9\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a34\u6c42\u6539\u5584\u5de5\u4eba\u798f\u5229\u300d\u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u4f4d\u5de5\u4eba\u61b6\u8ff0\u4ed6\u5011\u5728 86 \u5e74\u6297\u8b70\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u3002[15] \u5176\u5be6\u5167\u5730\u5de5\u4eba\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u6578\u5b57\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7d93\u6fdf\u74b0\u5883\u8f49\u5dee\uff0c\u4ee4\u8fd1\u4e94\u5e74\u4e0a\u5347\u5e45\u5ea6\u66f4\u70ba\u986f\u8457\uff0c\u55ae\u662f\u5ee3\u6771\u53bb\u5e74\u4fbf\u6709\u8fd1 500 \u5b97\u5de5\u4eba\u6297\u8b70\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u3002[16] 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\u8981\u8b93\u52de\u5de5\u80fd\u6709\u8f03\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u8207\u50f1\u4e3b\u8ac7\u5224\uff0c\u96c6\u9ad4\u8ac7\u5224\u6b0a\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u74b0\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u90fd\u5728\u722d\u53d6\u7576\u4e2d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6211\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\u5de5\u6703\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5de5\u6703\u6578\u76ee\u548c\u6703\u54e1\u4eba\u6578\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u53cd\u6620\u5de5\u4eba\u8b70\u50f9\u80fd\u529b\u589e\u5f37\u3002\u55ae\u4ee5\u8209\u8fa6\u8208\u8da3\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6216\u63d0\u4f9b\u8cfc\u7269\u512a\u60e0\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u300c\u5de5\u6703\u300d\u5c62\u898b\u4e0d\u9bae\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5de5\u6703\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u61c9\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u5de5\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5718\u7d50\u7fa4\u773e\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u722d\u53d6\u6b0a\u76ca\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5de5\u6703\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u6709\u529b\u7684\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5916\u570b\u53d6\u5f97\u96c6\u9ad4\u8ac7\u5224\u6b0a\u7684\u5de5\u6703\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u660e\u986f\u8f03\u70ba\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u55ae\u4ee5\u85aa\u916c\u8a08\u4fbf\u9ad8\u51fa28%\u3002[19] \u4ee5\u5f80\u4ee5\u57f9\u8a13\u548c\u666e\u53ca\u77e5\u8b58\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u91cd\u8996\u300c\u96c6\u9ad4\u8ac7\u5224\u300d\u800c\u4e14\u5f15\u5165\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u6709\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u9019\u662f\u7e7c\u7e8c\u751f\u5b58\u548c\u6301\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u300d\u3002[20] \u52de\u5de5\u6b0a\u76ca\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u548c\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u90fd\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u9060\u4e00\u6bb5\u8def\u8981\u8d70\uff0c\u53ef\u61be\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\u5982\u4eca\u4ecd\u9700\u5de5\u4eba\u904f\u529b\u722d\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u5f8c\u8a18<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7121\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u8fb2\u6c11\u5de5\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u53ea\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u5dee\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u5011\u5927\u591a\u5df2\u4e0d\u6703\u52d9\u8fb2\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u70ba\u57ce\u9109\u6236\u7c4d\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4f9d\u820a\u662f\u8fb2\u6c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u9019\u500b\u8eab\u4efd\u4e4b\u5225\u5931\u53bb\u7a2e\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u9084\u53d7\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u6240\u6392\u64e0\uff0c\u627f\u53d7\u7a2e\u7a2e\u96e2\u9109\u5225\u4e95\u4e4b\u82e6\u3002[21]<\/p>\n \u8a18\u4e0b\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u523b\u610f\u5f37\u8abf\u8fb2\u6c11\u5de5\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u6539\u9769\u5f8c\u666e\u904d\u52de\u5de5\u6240\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e5f\u6d3b\u5f97\u82e6\u4e0d\u582a\u8a00\u3002\u6574\u500b\u5de5\u4eba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u90fd\u540c\u6a23\u53d7\u5230\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u58d3\u8feb\u3002<\/p>\n \u8a18\u8f09\u5de5\u4eba\u82e6\u6cc1\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u9084\u6709\u8a31\u591a\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5be6\u5728\u6dfa\u8584\u81f3\u6975\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u64fa\u812b\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad8\u901f\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8f1d\u714c\uff0c\u505c\u4e00\u505c\uff0c\u7aba\u63a2\u88e1\u982d\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u4e0b\u6399\u624e\u6c42\u5b58\u3002\u5f71\u97ff\u4ee5\u5104\u8a08\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6539\u9769\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u6700\u5f8c\u8b93\u8ab0\u5bcc\u4e86\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u53c8\u8b93\u8ab0\u9ed8\u9ed8\u80cc\u8ca0\u6240\u6709\u7e41\u69ae\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\u3002<\/p>\n <\/p>\n [11] Chan, K.C. (2012). The Challenge of Labour in China. Rout-ledge. p.29<\/p>\n [1] Chan, K.C. (2012). The Challenge of Labour in China. Rout-ledge. p.22<\/p>\n [2] Dexter Roberts. (2014). China\u2019s Income-Inequality GapWidens Beyond U.S. Levels. Bloomberg.<\/p>\n [3] Chan, K.C. (2012). The Challenge of Labour in China. Rout-ledge. p.29<\/p>\n [4] 96\u81f301\u5e74\u9593,\u570b\u6709\u4f01\u696d\u9010\u4e00\u79c1\u6709\u5316,\u8fd126,000,000\u500b\u751f\u7522\u8077\u4f4d\u6d88\u5931(\u4f54\u7e3d\u657840.5%),\u51fa\u73fe\u767e\u842c\u8a08\u4e0b\u5d17\u5de5\u4eba. Chan, K.C. (2012) The Challenge of\u00a0Labour in China. Routledge. p.22<\/p>\n [5] 1990\u5e74\u4e2d\u570b\u57ce\u5e02\u5de5\u4eba\u6578\u76ee\u662f1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u768412.5\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a. Chan, K.C.\u00a0(2012) The Challenge of Labour in China. Routledge. p.22<\/p>\n [6] \u5f35\u958b,\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u88ab\u4fb5\u6b0a \u7dad\u6b0a\u9b25\u722d\u591a\u300b(2000\u5e74)<\/p>\n [7] \u5f35\u958b,\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u88ab\u4fb5\u6b0a \u7dad\u6b0a\u9b25\u722d\u591a\u300b(2000\u5e74)<\/p>\n [8] \u4f55\u6e05\u6f23,\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u5ee0\u4e2d\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u73fe\u72c0\u300b(2008\u5e74)<\/p>\n [9] \u4f55\u6e05\u6f23,\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u5ee0\u4e2d\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u73fe\u72c0\u300b(2008\u5e74)<\/p>\n [10] \u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u751f\u7522\u76e3\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u8abf\u5ea6\u4e2d<\/p>\n [12] \u4f55\u6e05\u6f23,\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u5ee0\u4e2d\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u73fe\u72c0\u300b(2008\u5e74)<\/p>\n [13] \u6797\u5c11\u8c93,\u300a\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u5236\u9020\u300d\u6210\u672c\u6f32\u4e86,\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebd\u5462?\u300b(2015\u5e74)<\/p>\n [14] \u5f35\u958b,\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u88ab\u4fb5\u6b0a \u7dad\u6b0a\u9b25\u722d\u591a\u300b(2000\u5e74)<\/p>\n [15] Chan, K.C. (2012). The Challenge of Labour in China. Routledge. p.25<\/p>\n [16] \u4e2d\u570b\u52de\u5de5\u901a\u8a0a,\u4e2d\u570b\u5de5\u4eba\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u5730\u5716<\/p>\n [17] \u695a\u98a8,\u300a\u5f8c\u516b\u4e5d\u5de5\u904b\u521d\u63a2\u300b(1995\u5e74)<\/p>\n [18] Qi Li. (Ph.D. thesis, City University of Hong Kong, 2000). A\u00a0Study of Labour Relations in State-Owned Enterprises in China:\u00a0The Continued Dominance of the State and the Failure of the\u00a0Collective Contract System.<\/p>\n [19] \u9673\u662d\u5049,\u300a\u6dfa\u8ac7\u96c6\u9ad4\u8ac7\u5224\u6b0a\u300b(2010\u5e74)<\/p>\n [20] \u695a\u98a8,\u300a\u5f8c\u516b\u4e5d\u5de5\u904b\u521d\u63a2\u300b(1995\u5e74)<\/p>\n [21] \u4e2d\u592e\u5f9e2005\u5e74\u8d77\u653e\u5bec\u6236\u7c4d\u5236\u5ea6,\u90e8\u4efd\u57ce\u5e02\u958b\u59cb\u5bb9\u8a31\u4eba\u53e3\u81ea\u7531\u6d41\u52d5\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u653f\u5e9c\u8a08\u5283\u57282020\u5e74\u5b8c\u5168\u53bb\u9664\u57ce\u9109\u6236\u7c4d\u7684\u5206\u5225\u3002\u5fc3,\u300a2003\u5e74\u5168\u570b\u5b89\u5168\u751f\u7522\u5f62\u52e2\u901a\u5831\u300b(2004\u5e74)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6539\u9769\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u756b\u9762\u90fd\u4e00\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u3002\u5ffd\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6eff\u5929\u9ad8\u6a13\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u904e\u7740\u8072\u8272\u72ac\u99ac\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5ffd\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u6d3b\u5728\u71b1\u934b\u4e0a\u9032\u9000\u4e0d\u5f97\uff0c\u65e5\u5fa9\u65e5\u5982\u6a5f\u5668\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u7121\u6687\u554f\u500b\u7a76\u7adf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8209,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[195,205,200],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4779"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4779\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}