\u6587:\u6881\u6587\u9053
\n\u539f\u520a\u65bc\u300ae+e\u300b\u7b2c\u516d\u671f\uff0cspring\/summer 2003<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n
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\u4f46\u662f\u6a58\u8d8a\u6dee\u70ba\u67b3\uff0cUGC\u9019\u7a2e\u67b6\u69cb\u4f86\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u5c31\u5927\u70ba\u8d70\u6a23\u3002\u5728\u5169\u5927\u5408\u4f75\u9019\u7a2e\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\u5c31\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u653f\u5e9c\u5be6\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6253\u7b97\u8b93\u5927\u5b78\u96e2\u958b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u638c\u5fc3\u3002\u4e14\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5148\u770b\u770b\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u4e00\u773e\u540d\u724c\u5927\u5b78\u662f\u672c\u5730\u5404\u9662\u6821\u6548\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u4e5f\u88ab\u672c\u5730\u4e0d\u5c11\u6709\u529b\u4eba\u58eb\u7a31\u8b9a\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u524d\u9a45\u3002\u963f\u8afe\u7dad\u8332\uff08Stanley Aronowitz\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u90a3\u672c\u529b\u5ea6\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u300a\u77e5\u8b58\u5de5\u5ee0\u300b\uff08The Knowledge Factory\uff09\u88cf\u9762\u63cf\u7e6a\u51fa\u7f8e\u570b\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7576\u524d\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5c08\u9662\u6821\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u76ca\u4f01\u696d\u5316\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u76c8\u5229\u6a5f\u69cb\u8207\u5927\u5b78\u9019\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u975e\u76c8\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u4e4b\u9593\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u689d\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u754c\u9650\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8861\u91cf\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u5c31\u9010\u6f38\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u300c\u7522\u51fa\u300d\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7522\u51fa\u5c31\u662f\u5c0d\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5b78\u554f\u548c\u5b78\u79d1\u5c31\u53ef\u5206\u6210\u6709\u7528\u548c\u7121\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5b78\u554f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5b78\u751f\u8b00\u8077\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u7d93\u6fdf\u7e41\u69ae\uff1b\u7121\u7528\u7684\u5b78\u554f\u5c31\u5f97\u52aa\u529b\u6539\u8b8a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u4e5f\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f2\u7dda\u81f4\u5bcc\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\u54f2\u5b78\u96d6\u4e0d\u662f\u751a\u9ebc\u8077\u696d\u4e0a\u7684\u5c08\u696d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9019\u77e5\u8b58\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u975e\u8077\u696d\u6027\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u512a\u9ede\uff0c\u8a13\u7df4\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u7d42\u751f\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e91\u4e91\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u88ab\u7a31\u505a\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5b83\u6703\u8feb\u4f7f\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u6d3b\u52d5\u56e0\u70ba\u904e\u5ea6\u9760\u650f\u793e\u6703\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u55aa\u5931\u5176\u8d77\u78bc\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u683c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5acc\u963f\u8afe\u7dad\u8332\u592a\u5de6\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8a00\u8ad6\u6709\u6b20\u516c\u5141\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c1979\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f97\u4e3b\u8212\u723e\u8332\uff08Theodore Schultz\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u627f\u8a8d\u7576\u5b78\u8853\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8ca1\u6e90\u4e3b\u8981\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u69cb\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\u8d0a\u52a9\uff0c\u4e0d\u6309\u8cc7\u52a9\u8005\u610f\u5716\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u5c07\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u7576\u6574\u500b\u5927\u5b78\u9ad4\u7cfb\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u5de5\u5ee0\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8a55\u50f9\u6a19\u6e96\u5b8c\u5168\u4f01\u696d\u5316\uff0c\u5c0d\u5b83\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u88ab\u7c21\u5316\u6210\u5c0d\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u4fc3\u9032\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u300c\u767c\u5c55\u300d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u5ee3\u95ca\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u6240\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
1998\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u6c88\u6069\uff08Amartya Sen\uff09\u5728\u300a\u4f5c\u70ba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u300b\uff08Development as Freedom\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u5c31\u96c4\u8faf\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u89c0\u5176\u5be6\u53ea\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5ffd\u7565\u4eba\u985e\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u9019\u500b\u76ee\u6a19\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u8981\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u6709\u5c0a\u56b4\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u4e5f\u66f4\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u770b\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u990a\u6210\u6240\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u80fd\u529b\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f8e\u570b\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u5927\u5b78\u300d\uff08Corporate University\uff09\u5176\u5be6\u65e9\u5728\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u521d\u73fe\u82d7\u982d\u3002\u91d1\u8000\u57fa\u6700\u4f69\u670d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b78\u7d42\u8eab\u6821\u8463\uff0c\u524d\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u7e3d\u6821\u9577\u514b\u723e\uff08Clark Kerr\uff09\u7684\u540d\u8457\u300a\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee5\u300c\u7d9c\u96c6\u5927\u5b78\u300d\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u4f86\u63cf\u7e6a\u7576\u4ee3\u5927\u5b78\u9019\u7a2e\u5168\u9762\u8207\u793e\u6703\u6574\u5408\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3002\u91d1\u8000\u57fa\u5728\u300a\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u300b\u88cf\u518d\u4e09\u63d0\u5230\u9019\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u504f\u504f\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u660e\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u66fe\u5728\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5168\u7403\u53cd\u6297\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5927\u706b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u8d77\u4e86\u52a0\u6cb9\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7576\u6642\u52a0\u5927\u67cf\u514b\u840a\u5206\u6821\u7684\u5b78\u904b\u9818\u8896\u85a9\u7dad\u5967\uff08Maria Savio\uff09\u5c31\u66fe\u6beb\u4e0d\u5ba2\u6c23\u5730\u6279\u99c1\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6821\u9577\u628a\u5927\u5b78\u8aaa\u6210\u662f\u5de5\u5ee0\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u89f8\u767c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u6295\u5165\u53cd\u5efa\u5236\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u514b\u723e\u90a3\u7a2e\u6240\u8b02\u5927\u5b78\u8981\u5411\u793e\u6703\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8aaa\u7a7f\u5c31\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u8b93\u4f01\u696d\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u63a5\u7ba1\u6821\u5712\u7684\u98fe\u8fad\u7f77\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
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