{"id":8108,"date":"2018-06-03T18:00:07","date_gmt":"2018-06-03T10:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=8108"},"modified":"2025-03-07T11:46:29","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T03:46:29","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bb%8a%e9%80%99%e5%80%8b%e5%bb%a3%e5%a0%b4%e6%98%af%e6%88%91%e7%9a%84%e5%a2%b3%e5%a2%93-%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e9%81%ba%e7%94%a2%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8e%a8%e5%8b%95%e5%85%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=8108","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4eca\u9019\u500b\u5ee3\u5834\u662f\u6211\u7684\u58b3\u5893\u2014\u2014\u653f\u6cbb\u907a\u7522\u5982\u4f55\u63a8\u52d5\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6587\uff1a\u8ff7\u8def\u7684\u9d3f\u5b50<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f60\u8aaa\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u5403\uff1f<\/em>
\n\u4f60\u8981\u8aaa\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u5403\uff0c\u4ed6\u9913\u3002<\/em>
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\u2014\u2014\u97d3\u6771\u65b9<\/em><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u5728\u5ee3\u5834<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u6c23\u7130\u6700\u76db\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u5ee3\u5834\u4e0a\u7684\u7fa4\u773e\u591a\u9054\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u7d55\u98df\u5f8c\uff0c\u6578\u767e\u842c\u5e02\u6c11\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u8072\u63f4\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u904a\u884c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u904b\u52d5\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c4.22\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u570b\u846c\u3001\u53cd\u56db\u4e8c\u516d\u793e\u8ad6\u53ca\u7d00\u5ff5\u4e94\u56db\u4e03\u5341\u9031\u5e743\u6b21\u904a\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u5747\u6709\u591a\u9054\u5341\u842c\u4eba\u53c3\u8207 [1] \u3002\u77ed\u77ed\u5169\u500b\u6708\u5167\uff0c\u6c11\u773e\u5c31\u591a\u6b21\u767c\u52d5\u4e86\u8072\u52e2\u6d69\u5927\u7684\u904a\u884c\uff1b\u5ee3\u5834\u4e0a\u805a\u96c6\u3001\u4f54\u9818\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u7d61\u7e79\u4e0d\u7d55\uff1b\u7576\u904b\u52d5\u8072\u52e2\u6f38\u6f38\u6e1b\u5f31\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u6709\u4f86\u81ea\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u589e\u63f4\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5f9e\u5404\u7701\u9060\u9053\u800c\u81f3\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u5ef6\u7e8c\u4f54\u9818\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u5728\u9ad8\u58d3\u7684\u5c08\u5236\u653f\u6b0a\u4e0b\u5927\u91cf\u4e14\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u52d5\u54e1\u529b\u91cf\uff1f
\n[1] Zhang, L., Nathan, A. J., Link, P., & Schell, O. (2008). The Tiananmen Papers<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u628a\u904b\u52d5\u91cd\u65b0\u653e\u7f6e\u65bc1989\u5e74\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u88cf\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ecd\u6709\u592a\u591a\u300c\u6070\u597d\u300d\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u6070\u597d\u90fd\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u5ee3\u5834\u7684\u897f\u5317\u9762\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5b78\u751f\u805a\u96c6\uff1b\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\u6070\u597d\u860a\u542b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u5473\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u4fbf\u5229\u5730\u5c07\u4e4b\u4f54\u9818\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5617\u8a66\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u4e9b\u5de7\u5408\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u4e2d\u53cd\u6620\u6c11\u904b\u7206\u767c\u548c\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u5169\u500b\u9762\u5411\uff1a\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u907a\u7522\u548c\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b78\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n[2] Du Ruiqing, (1991), Chinese Higher Education: A decade of reform and development (1978-1988).<\/p>\n

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\u7531\u5e7e\u767e\u5230\u5e7e\u5343\u5230\u904e\u842c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u653f\u6b0a\u4e00\u624b\u898f\u5283\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u5340<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u653f\u6b0a\u6703\u9019\u6a23\u898f\u5283\uff1f\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u5a01\u6b0a\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u88cf\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5c24\u5176\u5bb9\u6613\u6372\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u81ea\u5df1\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u53e3\u4ecd\u7136\u6309\u7167\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u5c0d\u672c\u571f\u6587\u5316\u843d\u5f8c\u3001\u5b98\u54e1\u8caa\u6c61\u8150\u6557\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u6df1\u611f\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u77db\u982d\u6307\u5411\u5c08\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u539f\u4f86\u4e0d\u53ea\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5167\u5730\u4e0d\u5c11\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u628a\u6240\u6709\u9ad8\u6821\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5927\u5b78\u57ce\u300d\u88cf\uff0c\u9019\u5176\u5be6\u6e90\u81ea\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u898f\u5283\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u5f8c\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u6539\u9020\u4ee5\u300c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u57ce\u5e02\u300d\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u57ce\u5e02\u7a7a\u9593\u57f9\u80b2\u300c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u65b0\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u898f\u5283\u4e0d\u9867\u5730\u65b9\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5fb9\u5e95\u91cd\u5851\u5f8c\u7684\u5730\u5340\u4ee5\u793e\u6703\u529f\u80fd\u5283\u5206\uff0c\u4f7f\u57ce\u5e02\u5982\u6a5f\u5668\u822c\u904b\u4f5c\uff1a\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u4eba\u54e1\u5404\u81ea\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5340\u57df\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u82e5\u9ce5\u77b0\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4f48\u5c40\u61c9\u53ef\u770b\u898b\u4e00\u5e45\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u793e\u6703\u904b\u4f5c\u5716\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u62b1\u8457\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53c3\u8003\u4e86\u8607\u806f\u300c\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u300d\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u9662\u7cfb\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u5373\u5206\u62c6\u5927\u5b78\u9662\u7cfb\u7d44\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u4e26\u96c6\u4e2d\u5206\u4f48\u6821\u5740\u3002\u5317\u5927\u6e05\u83ef\u90fd\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u843d\u6236\u6d77\u6dc0\uff0c\u5c08\u8cac\u57f9\u990a\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u4eba\u5927\u53ca\u5927\u6279\u4eff\u8607\u806f\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u9662\u6821\u90fd\u5728\u9644\u8fd1\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u7576\u4e2d\u5317\u4eac\u6797\u696d\u5927\u5b78\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b78\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5927\u5b78\u7b49\u300c\u516b\u5927\u9662\u6821\u300d\u5168\u90fd\u5750\u843d\u5728\u5340\u5167\u4e00\u689d\u300c\u5b78\u9662\u8def\u300d\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7e8c\u81f31989\u5e74\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u521d\u898f\u5283\u6642\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5927\u5b78\u96c6\u4e2d\u6703\u5b55\u80b2\u793e\u6703\u6297\u722d\u7684\u64d4\u6182\u3002\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u5c31\u7d93\u5e38\u900f\u904e\u767c\u52d5\u7fa4\u773e\u9032\u884c\u793e\u6703\u5efa\u8a2d\uff08\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\uff09\u3001\u978f\u56fa\u653f\u6b0a\uff08\u93ae\u58d3\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u3001\u4e09\u53cd\u4e94\u53cd\uff09\u3001\u6279\u9b25\u7570\u5df1\u751a\u81f3\u596a\u53d6\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u529b\uff08\u53cd\u53f3\u3001\u6587\u9769\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u5c71\u4e0b\u9109\u3001\u6587\u9769\u7b49\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u52d5\u54e1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4fbf\u66f4\u70ba\u660e\u986f\u3002\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u52d5\u54e1\u5c0d\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u978f\u56fa\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u907a\u7559\u5230\u9127\u5c0f\u5e73\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u624d\u6210\u4e86\u5c0d\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u9769\u5f8c\u7684\u9127\u5c0f\u5e73\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u53ea\u5ef6\u7e8c\u4e86\u5927\u5b78\u5340\u7684\u898f\u5283\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u5176\u898f\u6a21\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5341\u5e74\u6587\u9769\u4f7f\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5b8c\u5168\u505c\u6eef\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u6eff\u8db3\u5e02\u5834\u5316\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u591a\u6b21\u64f4\u62db\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u5927\u5b78\u5728\u6d77\u6dc0\u5340\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5982\u4e2d\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u5927\u5b78\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u806f\u5408\u5927\u5b78\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u57ce\u5e02\u5b78\u9662\u7b49\u3002\u57281982\u81f385\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u7e3d\u6578\u7531715\u6240\u4e0a\u5347\u52301016\u6240\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf3\u81f34\u65e5\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u6240\u5927\u5b78\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u62db\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u589e\u5e45\u6700\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u79d1\u5c08\u696d\uff0c\u5f9e1977\u81f31988\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u6f32\u4e868\u500d\uff1b\u7576\u4e2d\u6700\u300c\u5371\u96aa\u300d\u7684\u653f\u6cd5\u985e\u5b78\u751f\u66f4\u6f32\u4e8676\u500d [3] \u3002\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u662f\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u907a\u7522\uff0c\u9127\u5c0f\u5e73\u653f\u5e9c\u5c07\u4e4b\u5168\u76e4\u7e7c\u627f\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5a01\u8105\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002
\n[3] \u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u7d71\u8a08\u5e74\u9451(1990)\u300b<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u6b0a\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u7684\u57fa\u790e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5141\u8a31\u4e86\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7fa4\u773e\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u7e7c\u627f\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u907a\u7522\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5a01\u6b0a\u653f\u5e9c\u61fc\u6015\u7fa4\u773e\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u598250\u5e74\u4ee3\u5df4\u897f\u7368\u88c1\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u898f\u5283\u65b0\u9996\u90fd\u5df4\u897f\u5c3c\u4e9e\u6642\uff0c\u523b\u610f\u5c07\u4e4b\u8a2d\u8a08\u6210\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5bc6\u96c6\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u5927\u578b\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u7fa4\u773e\u805a\u96c6\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u6b0a\u4e0d\u53ea\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e86\u80fd\u5920\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5e7e\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u5ee3\u5834\uff0c\u66f4\u5c07\u5176\u63d0\u5347\u6210\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u4f7f\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7fa4\u773e\u4fbf\u5229\u5730\u4f54\u9818\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u77da\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6Michel Foucault\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u5efa\u8a2d\u5ee3\u5834\u7684\u672c\u610f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u6b0a\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u4fe1\u5949\u5171\u7522\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u6b0a\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u512a\u52e2\u5728\u65bc\u4eba\u53e3\u773e\u591a\uff0c\u8981\u8cab\u5fb9\u7fa4\u773e\u8def\u7dda\uff0c\u4fbf\u7576\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u6c11\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5ee3\u5834\u4e0a\u7684\u53e4\u57ce\u7246\u548c\u57ce\u9580\u57281950-1955\u5e74\u9593\u76f8\u7e7c\u88ab\u62c6\u5378\uff0c\u64f4\u5efa\u621044\u842c\u5e73\u65b9\u7c73\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u3002\u9577\u5b89\u8857\u88ab\u898f\u5283\u6210\u53ef\u5bb9\u7d0d\u4e0a\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u904a\u884c\u9053\u300d\uff0c\u4e14\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u7fa4\u773e\u53ef\u5f9e\u5927\u8857\u76f4\u63a5\u5927\u91cf\u5730\u9032\u5165\u5ee3\u5834\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u95b1\u5175\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u8ecd\u5b98\u8f9b\u6bc5\u7576\u6642\u9084\u8981\u6c42\u5ee3\u5834\u8def\u9762\u9808\u7d93\u5f97\u8d7760\u5678\u5766\u514b\u7684\u884c\u99db [4] \u3002
\n[4] \u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u8ab0\u898f\u5283\u7684\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u65b0\u805e\u7db2<\/p>\n

\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e5f\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u9ee8\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u9818\u5c0e\u3001\u91cd\u8996\u4eba\u6c11\u7b49\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u57ce\u6a13\u639b\u4e0a\u4e86\u628a\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u756b\u5f97\u300c\u6148\u7965\u800c\u6709\u9060\u898b\u300d\u7684\u756b\u50cf\uff1b\u5728\u547d\u540d\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u6703\u5802\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u4eba\u6c11\u5bae\u300d\u3001\u300c\u842c\u4eba\u5927\u79ae\u5802\u300d\u7b49\u90fd\u88ab\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u5011\u554f\u8001\u767e\u59d3\uff0c\u4f60\u5230\u54ea\u88e1\u53bb\u4e86\uff1f\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u4e00\u5b9a\u8aaa\uff0c\u5230\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u6703\u5802\u53bb\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u6703\u5802\u5427\u3002\u300d [5] \u800c\u4eba\u6c11\u82f1\u96c4\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u4e5f\u88ab\u8a2d\u8a08\u6210\u5411\u5929\u8c4e\u7acb\u7684\u6a21\u6a23\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8207\u5bec\u655e\u7dbf\u5ef6\u7684\u6545\u5bae\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u860a\u542b\u6253\u7834\u820a\u6709\u5c01\u5efa\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u3002
\n[5] \u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u8207\u5317\u4eac\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8a2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u65b0\u805e\u7db2<\/p>\n

\u88ab\u596a\u53bb\u7684\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u300d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\u5c31\u6b64\u88ab\u8a2d\u8a08\u6210\u5bb9\u8a31\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7fa4\u773e\u805a\u96c6\u4e4b\u5730\u3002\u6c11\u570b\u6642\uff0c\u5317\u6d0b\u653f\u5e9c\u9580\u6236\u65b0\u83ef\u9580\u548c\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u524d\u9580\u90fd\u662f\u6bd4\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u66f4\u71b1\u9580\u7684\u904a\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u5730\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u57281919\u5e74\u7684\u4e94\u56db\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0d\u5916\u570b\u4f7f\u9928\u5340\u793a\u5a01\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u9996\u6b21\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u4f7f\u9928\u5340\u7684\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\u3002\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u4e94\u56db\u7684\u5171\u7522\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u5ee3\u5834\u4e0a\u8209\u884c\u4e86\u958b\u570b\u5927\u5178\u3001\u65af\u5927\u6797\u901d\u4e16\u8ffd\u60bc\u6703\u3001\u6587\u9769\u6642\u7684\u7d05\u885b\u5175\u4e32\u806f\u7b49\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u7368\u4e00\u7121\u4e8c\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u4f54\u9818\u5ee3\u5834\u5e7e\u8fd1\u662f\u596a\u53bb\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\uff1a\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u570b\u846c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8209\u570b\u60bc\u5ff5\u901d\u53bb\u7684\u9818\u8896\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8209\u570b\u8981\u6c42\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u4f5c\u51fa\u6539\u8b8a\uff1b\u4e94\u56db70\u9031\u5e74\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8209\u570b\u7d00\u5ff5\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u611b\u570b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8209\u570b\u8981\u6c42\u653f\u6b0a\u6551\u570b\uff1b\u5118\u7ba1\u6208\u723e\u5df4\u55ac\u592b\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u8a2a\u83ef\uff0c\u5728\u6a5f\u5834\u4e0a\u7684\u6b61\u8fce\u5927\u6703\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5a92\u9ad4\u7684\u7126\u9ede\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5728\u95dc\u5fc3\u5ee3\u5834\u4e0a\u6b63\u5728\u7d55\u98df\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u57286\u67084\u65e5\u51cc\u6668\u7684\u6e05\u5834\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u76ee\u6a19\u4ea6\u662f\u91cd\u596a\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\uff0c\u53ca\u5835\u622a\u6e05\u6668\u518d\u5ea6\u6e67\u5f80\u5ee3\u5834\u7684\u5e02\u6c11\u3002\u7576\u5ee3\u5834\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u4f54\u64da\uff0c\u904b\u52d5\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u7d42\u3002\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\u662f\u5f70\u986f\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u6642\u4ee3\u653f\u6b0a\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u9ad8\u8209\u7fa4\u773e\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u5171\u7522\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6539\u9769\u958b\u653e\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5ee3\u5834\u4e5f\u5c31\u70ba\u53cd\u653f\u5e9c\u904b\u52d5\u6240\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u9069\u61c9<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5927\u5b78\u6821\u5712\u6070\u597d\u5730\u4fbf\u5229\u5b78\u751f\u52d5\u54e1\uff0c\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u5ee3\u5834\u6070\u597d\u5730\u4fbf\u5229\u7fa4\u773e\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5de7\u5408\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u820a\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u907a\u7522\u4e0d\u80fd\u9069\u61c9\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u3002\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0d\u53ea\u88dc\u5145\u4e86\u6c11\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u7206\u767c\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u8108\u7d61\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5982\u6c6a\u6689\u5728\u300a\u300c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6839\u6e90\u53ca\u5176\u6279\u5224\u300b\u6307\uff1a\u300c\uff08\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u7684\uff09\u570b\u5bb6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8457\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u907a\u7522\u548c\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u9069\u61c9\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u5371\u6a5f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7d71\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u907a\u7522\u300d\u8207\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u9069\u61c9\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u4e0a\u6587\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u6c11\u904b\u7684\u56db\u5927\u52d5\u56e0\uff1a\u5b98\u54e1\u300c\u5c0b\u79df\u300d\u3001\u6536\u5165\u5dee\u8ddd\u3001\u500b\u9ad4\u5546\u6236\u8207\u5b98\u5546\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u798f\u5229\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u5b89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8b6c\u5982\u5c0b\u79df\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5b98\u54e1\u901a\u904e\u50f9\u683c\u96d9\u8ecc\u5236\u4ee5\u570b\u5bb6\u64ec\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4e\u50f9\u8cfc\u5165\u5de5\u696d\u539f\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4ee5\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u683c\u8ce3\u4e88\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e2d\u725f\u53d6\u66b4\u5229\u3002\u96d9\u8ecc\u5236\u4e4b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u653f\u5e9c\u4ecd\u7136\u5617\u8a66\u64cd\u63a7\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a08\u5283\u4f9b\u61c9\u7ba1\u63a7\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002\u65b0\u820a\u5236\u5ea6\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u5dee\u8ddd\u9ad8\u90543600\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4f54\u7576\u5e74\u570b\u6c11\u6536\u516530% [6] \u3002
\n[6] \u80e1\u548c\u5143\uff0c1988 \u5e74\u4e2d\u570b\u79df\u91d1\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u5236\u6bd4\u8f03\u300b\uff0c1989 \u5e74\u7b2c 7 \u671f<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5236\u5ea6\u907a\u7522\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8caa\u8150\uff0c\u4e0a\u6587\u6307\u7d71\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u907a\u7522\u4e5f\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff1a\u300c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6……\u4ee5\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u548c\u8a08\u5283\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u8207\u9109\u6751\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u5236\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u5340\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u6539\u9769\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b……\u8fc5\u901f\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u968e\u5c64\u548c\u5340\u57df\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u300d\u64da\u4e2d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u8fb2\u6c11\u8207\u9109\u93ae\u4f01\u696d\u8077\u54e1\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5dee\u8ddd\u70ba1-2\u500d\uff1b\u8207\u5546\u696d\u3001\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u70ba2-5\u500d\u3002\u800c\u6771\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u897f\u90e8\u8fb2\u6c11\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5dee\u8ddd\u4ea6\u6108\u52a0\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u57281993\u5e74\u6536\u5165\u5206\u5225\u662f1400\u5143\u3001800\u548c600\u5143 [7] \u3002\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u56e0\u800c\u8d70\u4e0a\u5ee3\u5834\u3002
\n[7]\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u5c45\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u5206\u914d\u7814\u7a76\u300b(1994)\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u51fa\u7248<\/p>\n

\u50f9\u683c\u96d9\u8ecc\u5236\u3001\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e26\u975e\u5e02\u5834\u5316\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u7576\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7d71\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u907a\u7559\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u4fbf\u6070\u597d\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc1989\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7a4d\u58d3\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u6eff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u3001\u7269\u50f9\u98c6\u5347\u3001\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u85aa\u916c\u8cb6\u4f4e\u7b49\u7a2e\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u907a\u7522\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0c\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6c11\u904b\u4e2d\u6709\u5de5\u4eba\u8209\u8d77\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u7684\u756b\u50cf\uff0c\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u300c\u7a69\u5b9a\u300d\u7684\u61f7\u5ff5\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u300c\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u52d5\u54e1\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u300d\u800c\u8d99\u9f0e\u65b0\u5728\u300a\u570b\u5bb6\u00b7\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u4fc2\u8207\u516b\u4e5d\u5317\u4eac\u5b78\u904b\u300b\u6307\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u907a\u7522\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u820a\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u7fa4\u773e\u52d5\u54e1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u300c\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\u300d\u8ce6\u4e88\u7684\u300c\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u60c5\u61f7\u300d\u3001\u548c\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u53ea\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u7684\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u6c11\u904b\u6fc0\u9032\u3001\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0e\u81f4\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u904b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u968e\u6bb5\u90fd\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\uff0c\u4f46\u6b63\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u907a\u7522\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u624d\u56b4\u5cfb\u5f97\u8db3\u4ee5\u57281989\u5e74\u52d5\u54e1\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b4c\u8072\u5c07\u4f86\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u633d\u6b4c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4fbf\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u70ba\u4f55\u51fa\u73fe\u3001\u70ba\u4f55\u56b4\u5cfb\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u52d5\u54e1\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u4eba\u4f54\u9818\u5ee3\u5834\u3002\u7686\u56e0\u5728\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u300c\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u719f\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u679c\u5b50\u300d\uff0c\u5979\u9084\u6b98\u7559\u8457\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u300c\u4e00\u53e3\u5403\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u65bc\u9023\u56bc\u90fd\u6c92\u56bc\u5c31\u56a5\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u56a5\u4e0b\u53bb\u4ee5\u5f8c\u767c\u73fe\u809a\u5b50\u75db\u3002\u300d\u674e\u5fd7\u7684\u300a\u5ee3\u5834\u300b\u5728\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b\u524d\u63d2\u5165\u4e86\u97d3\u6771\u65b9\u7684\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\uff0c\u800c\u8a72\u66f2\u4e2d\u9019\u53e5\u8a5e\u4e5f\u53ef\u5c0d\u61c9\u653f\u6b0a\u800c\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u4eca\u9019\u500b\u5ee3\u5834\u662f\u6211\u7684\u58b3\u5893\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b4c\u8072\u5c07\u4f86\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u633d\u6b4c\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u63a8\u6f14\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7d72\u6beb\u7121\u6cd5\u638c\u63a7\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u76f4\u9810\u611f\u8457\u6709\u4e00\u5834\u707d\u96e3\u8981\u4f86\u7684\uff0c<\/em>
\n\u53ef\u4f86\u7684\u592a\u5feb\uff0c<\/em>
\n\u800c\u4e14\u7d2e\u7d2e\u5be6\u5be6\u7684\u5c31\u843d\u5728\u6211\u982d\u4e0a\uff0c<\/em>
\n\u662f\u6211\u6700\u6015\u751f\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u982d\u4e0a\uff0c<\/em>
\n\u5b83\u596a\u53bb\u4e86\u6211\u6700\u5fc3\u611b\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014 \u4e01\u5b50\u9716<\/em><\/p>\n

\u5f8c\u8a18<\/strong><\/p>\n

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