\u6587 \uff1a \u7d0d\u723e\u905c\u3001\u67e5\u723e\u65af\u8207\u73cd\u59ae<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u8ac7\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u6d6e\u73fe\u65bc\u8166\u6d77\u7684\u5927\u591a\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7b49\u666e\u4e16\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u6e2f\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u672c\u5730\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u74b0\u5883\u80fd\u9ad4\u73fe\u9019\u4e9b\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u6b64\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u8c6a\u3001\u8a8d\u540c\u6e2f\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n
2016 \u5e74 10 \u6708\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u51fa\u73fe\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u4eba\u5927\u91cb\u6cd5\uff0c\u9752\u5e74\u65b0\u653f\u6881\u980c\u6046\u3001\u6e38\u8559\u798e\u6b63\u5f0f\u88ab\u525d\u596a\u7acb\u6cd5\u6703\u8b70\u54e1\u8cc7\u683c\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u6f38\u51fa\u73fe\u300c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5df2\u6b7b\u300d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u91cb\u6cd5\u7834\u58de\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u91cb\u6cd5\u662f\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u300b\u8ce6\u4e88\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u89e3\u91cb\u6b0a\uff0c\u91cb\u6cd5\u51fa\u5e2b\u6709\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e26\u7121\u640d\u50b7\u3002\u5c0d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u51fa\u73fe\u5169\u9762\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u662f\u5426\u6307\u51fa\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u51fa\u73fe\u504f\u5dee\uff1f\u5728\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u6cd5\u6cbb\u8a3a\u75c7\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u5426\u60f3\u904e\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5f9e\u4f55\u4ee5\u4f86\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u7576\u8ffd\u6eaf\u9999\u6e2f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u672c\u6e90\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6d3e\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u627f\u7e7c\u4e86\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u512a\u79c0\u6587\u660e;\u53e6\u4e00\u6d3e\u4eba\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5f37\u6b0a\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5169\u6d3e\u610f\u898b\u76f8\u5de6\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u537b\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u2014\u2014\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6e90\u65bc 1841 \u5e74\u81f3 1997\u5e74\u671f\u9593\u7684\u82f1\u6b96\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u5fb9\u5e95\u4e86\u89e3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5247\u5fc5\u9808\u5f9e\u90a3\u6bb5\u7368\u6709\u7684\u958b\u57e0\u6b77\u53f2\u958b\u59cb\u7d30\u8aaa……<\/p>\n
\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff1a\u73fe\u4ee3\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u4e26\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n 1841 \u5e74 1 \u6708 26 \u65e5\uff0c\u82f1\u8ecd\u6b63\u5f0f\u767b\u9678\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u5c55\u958b\u9999\u6e2f\u73fe\u4ee3\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u9801\u3002\u540c\u5e74 2 \u6708 2 \u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u83ef\u5168\u6b0a\u5927\u4f7f\u6d77\u8ecd\u4e0a\u5c09 Charles Elliot \u5411\u9999\u6e2f\u5c45\u6c11\u767c\u4f48\u4e00\u5247\u516c\u544a [1]\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u8b6f\u5167\u5bb9\u70ba\uff1a\u300c\u64ec\u61c9\u5927\u6e05\u5f8b\u4f8b\u898f\u77e9\u4e4b\u6cbb\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u9664\u4e0d\u62f7\u8a0a\u7814\u97ab\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u7a0d\u7121\u6240\u6539\u3002\u51e1\u6709\u9577\u8001\u6cbb\u7406\u9109\u91cc\u8005\uff0c\u4ecd\u807d\u5982\u820a\u3002\u60df\u9808\u7a1f\u660e\u82f1\u5b98\u6cbb\u7406\u53ef\u4e5f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n \u65bc\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u5927\u82f1\u5f8b\u6cd5\u6216\u6703\u62b5\u89f8\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6545\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u6a5f\u69cb\u524d\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u83ef\u4eba\u7dad\u6301\u4e2d\u570b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u85c9\u6b64\u7dad\u6301\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u59821850 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u83ef\u4eba\u53ef\u5728\u6587\u6b66\u5edf\u8655\u7406\u5546\u696d\u7cfe\u7d1b\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u4e8b\u52d9\u3001\u672c\u5730\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ef2\u88c1\u7b49\u65e5\u5e38\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7531\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8ca0\u8cac\u7dad\u6301\u6cbb\u5b89 [2]\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u6d89\u5acc\u9055\u53cd\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6cd5\u4f8b\uff0c\u7686\u6703\u88ab\u9001\u4ea4\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\uff0c\u4e26\u4f9d\u5927\u82f1\u5f8b\u6cd5\u5be9\u7406\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u83ef\u4eba\u4ea6\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u53cd\u6620\u958b\u57e0\u521d\u671f\u653f\u5e9c\u540c\u6642\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u3001\u82f1\u5169\u5957\u53f8\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6b64\u8209\u6709\u5229\u7dad\u8b77\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728 1911 \u5e74\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u51fa\u73fe\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u5982\u53cd\u6b96\u6c11\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u52d5\u4e82 [3]\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u96d9\u898f\u4e26\u884c\u7684\u7ba1\u6cbb\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e26\u7121\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u6c7a\u5f9e\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6545\u81ea 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u958b\u59cb\u7a4d\u6975\u5236\u5b9a\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5982 1911 \u5e74\u7684\u300a\u793e\u5718\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\u53ca 1914 \u5e74\u7684\u300a\u717d\u52d5\u6027\u520a\u7269\u689d\u4f8b\u300b[4]\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u672c\u5730\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u554f\u984c\u3001\u978f\u56fa\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f 1920 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u5de5\u4eba\u7f77\u5de5\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u793e\u6703\u6380\u8d77\u6ce2\u703e\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u9808\u518d\u5ea6\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u904f\u529b\u5236\u6b62\u7f77\u5de5\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u60c5\u6cc1\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u70ba 1925 \u81f31926 \u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u7671\u7613\u672c\u6e2f\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u7701\u6e2f\u6fb3\u5927\u7f77\u5de5\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u7f77\u5de5\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5728 1927 \u5e74\u901a\u904e\u300a\u975e\u6cd5\u7f77\u5de5\u53ca\u9589\u5ee0\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5370\u5237\u4eba\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u4eba\u689d\u4f8b\u300b[5]\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u6cd5\u4f8b\u963b\u6b62\u65b0\u4e00\u8f2a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u904b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n \u7576\u793e\u6703\u6709\u5a01\u8105\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u6642\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u6703\u85c9\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u589e\u52a0\u6cd5\u4f8b\u4ee5\u978f\u56fa\u81ea\u8eab\u6b0a\u529b\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u904e\u7acb\u6cd5\u52a0\u5f37\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u4e26\u975e\u53f8\u6cd5\u7368\u7acb\u6216\u4e09\u6b0a\u5236\u8861\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u53cd\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u61f2\u7f70\u3002\u9019\u986f\u793a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u521d\u671f\u53ea\u70ba\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u61f2\u6cbb\u300d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n \u653f\u6cbb\u9b25\u722d\u662f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6f38\u8da8\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5951\u6a5f<\/strong><\/p>\n 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[6]\u3002\u6e2f\u7763\u845b\u91cf\u6d2a\u5617\u8a66\u9ede\u51fa\u7576\u6642\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff1a\u300c\u8207\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u6cbb\u548c\u7368\u7acb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u662f\u9999\u6e2f\u61c9\u8a72\u96b8\u5c6c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u90e8 [7]\u3002\u300d\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\u662f\u8207\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u9762\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u4ee5 1949 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)\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u9ee8\u548c\u7f8e\u570b\u5805\u6301\u6230\u6a5f\u7684\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\uff0c\u9042\u5411\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u63a0\u596a\u3002\u6e2f\u5e9c\u9762\u5c0d\u7531\u570b\u969b\u653f\u6cbb\u89d2\u529b\u6240\u884d\u751f\u7684\u5169\u96e3\uff1a\u4f5c\u70ba\u82f1\u5c6c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u7406\u61c9\u670d\u5f9e\u82f1\u7f8e\u52e2\u529b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u8209\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u5229\u7528\u9999\u6e2f\u5de6\u6d3e\u64fe\u4e82\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u6709\u898b\u53ca\u6b64\uff0c\u6e2f\u5e9c\u70ba\u62bd\u8eab\u65bc\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u7de3\u653f\u6cbb\u7d1b\u722d\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5f15\u5165\u7368\u7acb\u6027 [9]\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u770b\u4f3c\u300d\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u6c7a\u6230\u6a5f\u8ab0\u5c6c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u6230\u6a5f\u6700\u7d42\u8ab0\u5c6c\u4e43\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6289\u64c7\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u81ea\u59cb\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u6f38\u8da8\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u4ea6\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5316\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e26\u975e\u4ee3\u8868\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u81ea\u59cb\u300c\u5206\u5bb6\u300d\u3002\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4fbf\u662f 1952 \u5e74\u7684\u300c\u5927\u516c\u5831\u6848\u300d\u3002\u7576\u6642\u672c\u6e2f\u767c\u751f\u300c\u4e09\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d( \u4e5d\u9f8d\u57ce\u6771\u982d\u6728\u5c4b\u5340\u767c\u751f\u5927\u706b\uff0c2000 \u591a\u9593\u5c4b\u711a\u6bc0\uff0c\u707d\u6c11\u903e 16000 \u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u8b93\u5c45\u6c11\u539f\u5740\u91cd\u5efa\u5bb6\u5712\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u8cd1\u707d\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u5f97\u672a\u5982\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u9042\u4ee4\u6c11\u6028\u51fa\u73fe [10])\uff0c\u5ee3\u5dde\u7684\u7cb5\u7a57\u6170\u554f\u5718\u56e0\u88ab\u62d2\u5165\u5883\u800c\u5728\u706b\u8eca\u7ad9\u767c\u52d5\u9a37\u4e82\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u547d\u50b7\u4ea1\u3002\u5de6\u6d3e\u5831\u7ae0\u300a\u5927\u516c\u5831\u300b\u8f49\u8f09\u62a8\u64ca\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e26\u520a\u767b\u7cb5\u7a57\u6170\u554f\u5718\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6eff\u7684\u8072\u660e\u3002\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e09\u4f4d\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u56e0\u717d\u52d5\u7f6a\u88ab\u6e2f\u5e9c\u63a7\u544a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5169\u4f4d\u88ab\u5224\u7f6a\u6210\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u516c\u5831\u300b\u4ea6\u9700\u505c\u520a\u516d\u500b\u6708\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u81ea\u300c\u5169\u822a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\uff0c\u6e2f\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u958b\u59cb\u70ba\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u5f15\u5165\u7368\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u5f62\u6210\u73fe\u6642\u6211\u5011\u9ad8\u8209\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7cbe\u795e(Rule of Law)\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5371\u6025\u95dc\u982d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6e2f(Rule by Law)\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7dad\u6301\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u300c\u5fc5\u8981\u4e4b\u60e1\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f46\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u81ea\u300c\u5169\u822a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\u5f8c\uff0c\u6e2f\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u767c\u73fe\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u6709\u5229\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u5b8c\u5584\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u8521\u4fca\u5a01\u548c\u674e\u5bb6\u7ff9\u5169\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u6240\u8a00\uff1a<\/p>\n \u300c\u7d93\u904e 1940 \u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u81f3 1950 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7684\u5169\u6b21\u53f8\u6cd5\u548c\u6aa2\u5bdf\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5f8b\u653f\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u9ad4\u5236\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u4fdd\u8b49\u3002\u9ad4\u5236\u65e2\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u53c8\u6a02\u65bc\u628a\u653f\u6cbb\u722d\u7aef\u5316\u70ba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7531\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u54e1\u6839\u64da\u6cd5\u5f8b\u539f\u5247\u505a\u88c1\u5224\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u518d\u624b\u57f7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8aaa\u4e86\u7b97\uff0c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u61f2\u6cbb\u7684\u6cd5\u5236\u65e2\u6b62\uff0c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u9042\u8208 [11]\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n \u6e2f\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u665a\u671f\u6642\u9ad8\u8209\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u4efb\u6e2f\u7763\u5f6d\u5b9a\u5eb7\u8a00 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\u7e3d\u62ec\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u570b\u653f\u6cbb\u52e2\u529b\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5c07\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\u8f49\u79fb\u81f3\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c64\u9762\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9762\u524d\u5404\u65b9\u52e2\u529b\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u800c\u653f\u6cbb\u535a\u5f08\u4ea6\u88ab\u5316\u70ba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u529b\u91cf\u4e92\u76f8\u5236\u8861\uff0c\u4ee4\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u7dad\u6301\u5b89\u7a69;\u540c\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u7576\u5c40\u4e0d\u7528\u89aa\u8eab\u4e0a\u9663\u72af\u96aa\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u5f8c\u65b9\u4f5c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u63a8\u52d5\u8005\uff0c\u5df2\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u6cbb\u9999\u6e2f\u3002<\/p>\n \u56de\u671b\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5c1a\u5728\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6cd5\u6cbb\u8d77\u521d\u662f\u56e0\u6b0a\u529b\u9b25\u722d\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u7528\u4f5c\u7dad\u6301\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u88ab\u9ad8\u8209\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u50f9\u503c\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u4f46\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u751f\u6210\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u81f3\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u7531\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u722d\u53d6\u800c\u4f86\u3002\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5206\u5225\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u82e5\u6cd5\u6cbb\u662f\u81f3\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fbf\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u6cd5\u6cbb\u662f\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f4\u63a5\u7d66\u4e88\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5e02\u6c11\u7121\u9700\u91d0\u6e05\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5c0d\u65bc\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u6703\u53cd\u601d\u884c\u4f7f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u5229\u8207\u5f0a\uff0c\u66f4\u83ab\u8aaa\u589e\u9032\u6cd5\u6cbb\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u55ae\u8584\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u610f\u8b58\u5728 1999 \u5e74\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4eba\u5927\u91cb\u6cd5\u88cf\u7a81\u986f\u51fa\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n 1999 \u5e74\u7d42\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u300c\u5433\u5609\u73b2\u6848\u300d\u4e2d\u88c1\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u9999\u6e2f\u6c38\u4e45\u5c45\u6c11\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5167\u5730\u6240\u751f\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u51fa\u751f\u6642\u7236\u6216\u6bcd\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u9999\u6e2f\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u6709\u5c45\u6e2f\u6b0a [12]\u3002\u5728\u7d42\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u6c7a\u516c\u958b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6e2f\u5e9c\u56e0\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u63a5\u6536\u65b0\u4f86\u7684\u81ea\u5927\u9678\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u958b\u59cb\u6563\u64ad\u8b20\u8a00\u8b66\u544a\u9999\u6e2f\u5e02\u6c11\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u63a8\u7ffb\u7d42\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u88c1\u6c7a\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u4e26\u4e3b\u52d5\u63d0\u8acb\u91cb\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d89\u9999\u6e2f\u793e\u6703\u91cd\u5927\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u5e02\u6c11\u53d7\u653f\u5e9c\u8a00\u8ad6\u5f71\u97ff [13]\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u652f\u6301\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002\u6b64\u4e8b\u53cd\u6620\u6b0a\u529b\u4f4d\u8655\u4e0a\u4f4d\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4f5c\u70ba\u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u7528\u5247\u7528\uff0c\u7121\u7528\u5247\u68c4\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7576\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u5148\u634d\u885b\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u76ca\uff0c\u82e5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u610f\u8b58\u55ae\u8584\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6703\u9858\u610f\u66f4\u6539\u898f\u5247\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u91cb\u6cd5\u6b21\u6578\u6f38\u589e\uff0c\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4ecb\u4e4e\u6cd5\u6cbb\u548c\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6cbb\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n 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