{"id":9706,"date":"2021-10-14T15:18:55","date_gmt":"2021-10-14T07:18:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=9706"},"modified":"2021-11-30T17:01:43","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T09:01:43","slug":"%e5%be%9e%e4%b8%ad%e5%a4%a7%e5%bc%b7%e5%88%b6%e6%89%93%e9%87%9d%e4%b8%80%e4%ba%8b%e8%ab%96%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e5%ae%98%e5%83%9a%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=9706","title":{"rendered":"\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5927\u5f37\u5236\u6253\u91dd\u4e00\u4e8b\u8ad6\u5927\u5b78\u5b98\u50da\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6587\uff1a\u6253\u4f0d\u6253\u91dd\u5433\u9053\u68a8\u6e2f
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\u4f55\u8b02\u5b98\u50da\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u4f55\u8b02\u5b98\u50da\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5148\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u5b78\u751f\u5831 13 \u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u3008\u54e1\u751f\u5171\u6cbb\uff1a\u6821\u5712\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u9ad4\u73fe\u3009 \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8aaa\u5927\u5b78\u5b98\u50da\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u73fe\u4eca\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7ba1\u6cbb\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u73ed\u6559\u6388\u548c\u516c\u773e\u4eba\u58eb\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u9818\u5c0e\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u5b98\u50da\u7cfb\u7d71\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u67b6\u69cb\u4e0b\u6709\u904e\u767e\u500b\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4e5f\u6709\u5b78\u751f\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u662f\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5167\u7684\u6975\u5c11\u6578\uff0c\u7121\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\u5be6\u969b\u6c7a\u7b56\uff0c\u66f4\u4f3c\u662f\u8aee\u8a62\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u57fa\u5c64\u8077\u5de5\u5728\u67b6\u69cb\u88e1\u66f4\u662f\u5168\u7121\u6c7a\u7b56\u6b0a\u3002\u6975\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6821\u65b9\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u8077\u5de5\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8db3\u5920\u6b0a\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5404\u500b\u6301\u5206\u8005\u6839\u672c\u5be6\u8e10\u4e0d\u5230\u81ea\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7cbe\u82f1\u5f0f\u3001\u7531\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u5c45\u65bc\u9ad8\u4f4d\u9ce5\u77b0\u5168\u5c40\u4f5c\u6574\u9ad4\u898f\u5283\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u96e3\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u5b78\u5404\u7a2e\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u6559\u5e2b\u3001\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u8077\u5de5\u7b49\u6301\u5206\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u8ca0\u8cac\u898f\u5283\u6821\u5712\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u57f7\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u6b20\u7f3a\u6700\u8cbc\u8eab\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u9032\u884c\u8aee\u8a62\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u9072\u624d\u767c\u653e\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u53c8\u9810\u5148\u8a2d\u5b9a\u597d\u8b70\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee4\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7bc4\u570d\u975e\u5e38\u72f9\u9698\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73fe\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u4e0d\u6642\u6703\u5ffd\u8996\u5404\u6301\u5206\u8005\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u300d[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u2027\u97cb\u4f2f(Max Weber) \u5c31\u66fe\u5982\u6b64\u5f62\u5bb9\u5b98\u50da\u9ad4\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u9019\u7a2e\u6a5f\u69cb\uff08\u5b98\u50da\u5236\u5ea6\uff09\u4e00\u65e6\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u5ba2\u89c0\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u6027\u52a0\u4e0a\u5b83\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u2014\u2014\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6b64\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u99d5\u99ad\u5b83\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u97cb\u4f2f\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u9ad4\u5236\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027 (instrumental rationality) \u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u904e\u7a0b\u7e3d\u662f\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u7406\u6027\u5316 (rationalisation) \u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u800c\u7406\u6027\u5316\u8981\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u5169\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5316\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u96c6\u9ad4\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5316\u3002\u500b\u4eba\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5316\u8868\u73fe\u65bc\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u300c\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u300d\u662f\u9996\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u6bd4\u8f03\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u50f9\u683c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9078\u64c7\u8cfc\u8cb7\u8f03\u70ba\u4fbf\u5b9c\u90a3\u4e00\u7a2e\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u4f4e\u50f9\u9322\u63db\u53d6\u6700\u591a\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u96c6\u9ad4\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5316\u4fbf\u662f\u5b98\u50da\u5316\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u6548\u7387\u70ba\u91cd\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u9054\u5230\u751f\u7522\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u96c6\u9ad4\u4fbf\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u5236\u5ea6\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u5206\u5de5\u548c\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u5236\u5ea6\u80fd\u660e\u78ba\u4e14\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u7a2e\u5206\u914d\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u601d\u8003\u6210\u4e86\u5b98\u50da\u9054\u6210\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u969c\u7919\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u6383\u9664\u9019\u4e9b\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u7cfb\u7d71\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u300c\u884c\u4f7f\u5408\u6cd5\u66b4\u529b\u300d\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4fbf\u6709\u4e86\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5668 (State Apparatus) \u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff1b\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u50da\u5f97\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u793e\u6703\u904b\u4f5c\u4e0d\u88ab\u7834\u58de\u6216\u64fe\u4e82\uff0c\u4e26\u6301\u7e8c\u5730\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u968e\u7d1a\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u800c\u540c\u6a23\u5730\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8457\u300c\u58d3\u5236\u6027\u6a5f\u5668\u300d (Repressive Apparatus) \u7684\u5927\u5b78\u5b98\u50da\u4fbf\u6709\u8457\u300c\u63a8\u884c\u5404\u7a2e\u9632\u75ab\u300d\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4f86\u898f\u7bc4\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5f37\u5236\u6253\u91dd\u3001\u5b89\u88dd\u9598\u6a5f\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b98\u50da\u8207\u7d50\u69cb\u66b4\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u58d3\u5236\u6027\u6a5f\u5668\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u57f7\u884c\u6a5f\u69cb\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u9ad4\u5236\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u5b98\u50da\u66b4\u529b\u800c\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u6700\u6839\u672c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5927\u885b\uff0e\u683c\u96f7\u4f2f (David Graeber) \u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u7528\u6728\u68d2\u628a\u4ed6\u4eba\u6253\u5230\u982d\u7834\u8840\u6d41\u300d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u683c\u96f7\u4f2f\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u5be6\u4f8b\u5b50\u8aaa\u660e\u5b98\u50da\u8207\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u66fe\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9032\u5165\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u6642\uff0c\u56e0\u62d2\u7d55\u51fa\u793a\u5b78\u751f\u8b49\uff0c\u800c\u906d\u96fb\u64ca\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e26\u4e0d\u8a87\u5f35\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f3c\u66fe\u76f8\u8b58\uff1a\u5728\u5e74\u521d\u300c\u5514show\u8b49\u300d\u4e0d\u5408\u4f5c\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u8207\u4fdd\u5b89\u767c\u751f\u80a2\u9ad4\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u800c\u5b78\u6821\u4e5f\u5728\u4e09\u81f3\u4e94\u6708\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u8058\u8acb\u4fd7\u7a31\u300c\u5579\u5580\u5175\u300d\u7684\u5c3c\u6cca\u723e\u50f1\u50ad\u5175\u4f5c\u4fdd\u5b89\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u5bc4\u751f\u65bc\u5be6\u5be6\u5728\u5728\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u300c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u5a01\u8105\u4f86\u5275\u9020\u4e26\u7dad\u7e6b\u300d[2]\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7d50\u69cb\u53c8\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u5927\u5b78\u5b98\u50da\uff0c\u70ba\u8ab0\u670d\u52d9\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[1]\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\uff1ahttps:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=3779<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]\u300a\u898f\u5247\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\uff1a\u5b98\u50da\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u8207\u6b0a\u529b\u8a98\u60d1\u300b\uff0c\u5927\u885b\uff0e\u683c\u96f7\u4f2f <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]\u540c\u4e0a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\uff1ahttps:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=4806<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\uff1aHK01\uff0c\u300a\u5efa\u5236\u6d3e\u64ec\u5426\u6c7a\u4e2d\u5927\u65b0\u5be6\u9a57\u5927\u6a1314\u5104\u64a5\u6b3e\u3000\u4e2d\u5927\u81e8\u9663\u64a4\u56de\u8ca1\u59d4\u6703\u7533\u8acb\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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