{"id":9845,"date":"2022-02-12T01:08:55","date_gmt":"2022-02-11T17:08:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=9845"},"modified":"2022-02-12T01:09:07","modified_gmt":"2022-02-11T17:09:07","slug":"%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e5%ad%b8%e7%9a%84%e8%a7%92%e5%ba%a6%e5%be%9e%e9%95%b7%e6%b3%a2%e7%90%86%e8%ab%96%e7%9c%8b%e9%a6%99%e6%b8%af%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8a%ef%bc%89-%e6%88%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cusp.hk\/?p=9845","title":{"rendered":"\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5f9e\u9577\u6ce2\u7406\u8ad6\u770b\u9999\u6e2f\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6230\u524d\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6587\uff1a\u767d\u677f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9996\u4efb\u4e2d\u806f\u8fa6\u4e3b\u4efb\u59dc\u6069\u67f1\u5728\u4e3b\u6b0a\u79fb\u4ea4\u5f8c\u66fe\u8aaa\u904e\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5f88\u96e3\u8b80\u61c2\u7684\u66f8\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u79fb\u4ea4\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u8b80\u61c2\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u4eba\u537b\u59cb\u7d42\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u7121\u4ed6\uff0c\u8981\u8b80\u61c2\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u5c40\u52e2\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u9019\u672c\u300c\u66f8\u300d\u7684\u5967\u5999\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u5ea7\u4e9e\u7d30\u4e9e\u5b64\u5152\u57ce\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u505a\u4e09\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff1a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6230\u5f8c\u7684\u56db\u5c0f\u9f8d\u6642\u671f\u4ee5\u53ca 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e43\u81f3\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7dca\u7dca\u6263\u9023\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u7279\u5225\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u5ea7\u5e1d\u570b\u908a\u9672\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5947\u8de1\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u897f\u65b9\u5b78\u8005\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u4f9d\u9644\u7406\u8ad6\uff08dependency theory\uff09\u300d\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u55ae\u55ae\u7528\u4f5b\u5229\u6c11\u4e4b\u6d41\u7684\u300c\u7121\u5f62\u4e4b\u624b\uff08invisible hand\uff09\u300d\u8ad6\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u6b0a\u79fb\u4ea4\u5f8c\u8208\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u6ce2\u300c\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u300d\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u71b1\u6f6e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u7f85\u6c38\u751f\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8a8d\u540c\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8a73\u7d30\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u9650\u65bc\u300c\u81ea\u6211\u8a8d\u540c\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6b77\u53f2\u8a18\u61b6\u300d\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\uff1b\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u5275\u9020\u56fa\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u5916\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u4e86\u89e3\u9999\u6e2f\u5f9e\u4f55\u8655\u4f86\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f04\u6e05\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4e3b\u8ef8\u4e4b\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u6e2f\/\u570b\u969b\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u516c\u6c11\u300d\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5728\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u8eab\u4efd\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u95dc\u7a05\u548c\u8ca8\u5e63\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8eab\u4efd\u885d\u7a81\u4f86\u88fd\u9020\u58d3\u8feb\u548c\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u8907\u96dc\u5316\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u8ce6\u4e88\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u6027\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u7f85\u6c38\u751f\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u5b78\u8005\u62bd\u96e2\u65bc\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u653f\u7d93\u5206\u6790\u8207\u5167\u90e8\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4ed6\u5011\u65e2\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0b\u9999\u6e2f\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5b17\u8b8a\u2014\u2014\u9999\u6e2f\u5982\u4f55\u7531\u4e00\u689d\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0d\u904e\u5e7e\u5343\u4eba\u7684\u5c0f\u6f01\u6751\u5167\u7684\u300c\u5bf6\u5b89\u7e23\u5ee3\u6771\u4eba\u300d\u767c\u5c55\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u570b\u969b\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u7684\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u672a\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u53c8\u5c07\u5f80\u4f55\u8655\u53bb\u300d\u9019\u4e00\u554f\u984c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a66\u5716\u4ee5\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9577\u6ce2\u7406\u8ad6\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e3b\u7dda\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u8cc7\u672c\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0b\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u5f9e\u4f55\u800c\u4f86\u300d\u7684\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f15\u767c\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u5f80\u4f55\u8655\u53bb\u300d\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u767c\u5c55\u9577\u6ce2\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9031\u671f\u8207\u5229\u6f64\u7387\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u9577\u6ce2\u7406\u8ad6\u7531\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\uff0e\u5eb7\u5fb7\u62c9\u5b63\u8036\u592b\uff08Nicolai Kondratiev\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u4f9d\u7167\u4ed6\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u9577\u6ce2\u8087\u56e0\u65bc\u5c0d\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u8207\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u7d2f\u7a4d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u904e\u5ea6\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4fbf\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6d88\u8017\u8cc7\u672c\u3002\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u66fc\u5fb7\u723e\uff08Ernest Mandel\uff09\u5c0d\u9577\u6ce2\u7406\u8ad6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u88dc\u5145\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u6709\u95dc\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u9577\u6ce2\u7406\u8ad6\u53ea\u80fd\u5920\u7528\u8cc7\u672c\u7a4d\u7d2f\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9577\u6ce2\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9031\u671f\u8207\u901f\u5ea6\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7d2f\u7a4d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9577\u6ce2\u7684\u8208\u8870\u4ee5\u5229\u6f64\u7387\u4f5c\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u4f86\u8a55\u5b9a\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u9577\u6ce2\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u9577\u6ce2\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u5229\u6f64\u7387\u6301\u7e8c\u9ad8\u4f01\u6642\u70ba\u64f4\u5f35\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u5728\u5229\u6f64\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u6642\u5247\u70ba\u8870\u9000\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/
Kondratieff wave <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6309\u7167\u66fc\u5fb7\u723e\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e3d\u5171\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u56db\u6b21\u7684\u7531\u7531\u64f4\u5f35\u8207\u8870\u9000\u671f\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u9019\u4e94\u6b21\u7684\u9577\u6ce2\u5206\u5225\u5750\u843d\u5728 1793 – 1847 \u5e74\uff0c1848 – 1893 \u5e74\uff0c1894 – 1939 \u5e74\uff0c1940 – 1966\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca 1967 – \u81f3\u4eca\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u6ce2\u9577\u6ce2\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e94\u6bb5\u7d93\u6fdf\u9577\u6ce2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6bb5\u5747\u6709\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a66\u5716\u7c21\u55ae\u68b3\u7406\u6bcf\u6b21\u9577\u6ce2\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9999\u6e2f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1793 \u5e74 – 1847 \u5e74\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u64f4\u5f35<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u64f4\u5f35\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6642\u9593\u70ba 1793 \u5e74\u81f3 1825 \u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u548c\u52de\u52d5\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6025\u5287\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f97\u4ee5\u62d3\u5c55\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u3002\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u7684 1826 \u5e74\u5230 1847 \u5e74\u70ba\u8870\u9000\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u9019\u6b21\u7d93\u6fdf\u8870\u9000\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u65bc\u5de5\u4eba\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5f9e\u672c\u570b\u524d\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u751f\u7522\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7372\u53d6\u7684\u5229\u6f64\u8870\u6e1b\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u64f4\u5f35\u4e5f\u544a\u4e00\u6bb5\u843d\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u64f4\u5f35\u901f\u5ea6\u653e\u7de9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82e5\u56de\u9867\u9999\u6e2f\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c1826 \u5e74 – 1847 \u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6b63\u8655\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u8870\u9000\u671f\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u671f\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u8001\u724c\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u5e1d\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u62d3\u5c55\u5e02\u5834\uff0c1836\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u5728\u502b\u6566\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u5354\u6703\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5354\u6703\u7d93\u5e38\u5411\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u60c5\u5831\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u4fb5\u7565\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u6b63\u6b63\u8207\u8870\u9000\u671f\u7684\u9577\u6ce2\u543b\u5408\uff1a\u82f1\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u7576\u6642\u6025\u9700\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u5e02\u5834\u9032\u884c\u8cc7\u672c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3002\u800c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u6230\u722d\u6b63\u6b63\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u5e1d\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u70ba\u4e86\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8cc7\u672c\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u767c\u52d5\u7684\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u800c\u6230\u5f8c\u7684\u300a\u5357\u4eac\u689d\u7d04\u300b\u4e2d\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u689d\u6b3e\u5247\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. \u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u82f1\u65b9\u958b\u653e\u4e94\u53e3\u901a\u5546\uff08\u5373\u958b\u653e\u5ee3\u5dde\u3001\u798f\u5dde\u3001\u5ec8
    \n\u9580\u3001\u5be7\u6ce2\u548c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e94\u8655\u6e2f\u53e3\uff09<\/li>
  2. \u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u5927\u82f1\u5171\u8ce0\u511f\u4e8c\u5343\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u9280\u5713\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5ee2\u9664\u9808\u7d93
    \n\u516c\u884c\u9032\u884c\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>
  3. \u5169\u570b\u5171\u540c\u8a02\u7acb\u9032\u51fa\u53e3\u95dc\u7a05\u3002<\/li>
  4. \u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6c38\u4e45\u5272\u8b93\u9999\u6e2f\u5cf6\u4e88\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u6cbb\u7406\u3002<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u800c\u5c0d\u82f1\u570b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u6230\u722d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6230\u7565\u76ee\u6a19\u4e26\u975e\u9818\u571f\u7684\u5272\u8b93\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6253\u958b\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u5927\u9580\u624d\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4f54\u9818\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u5247\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u66ab\u6642\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5c0d\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u82f1\u5546\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u6230\u722d\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u63f4\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7576\u6642\u82f1\u570b\u5728\u4f54\u9818\u9999\u6e2f\u6642\u8003\u91cf\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6700\u5f8c\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u800c\u975e\u821f\u5c71\u4f5c\u70ba\u5272\u8b93\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\u5176\u4e00\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u6d77\u8ecd\u57fa\u5730\u64c1\u6709\u6df1\u6c34\u826f\u6e2f\uff0c\u800c\u821f\u5c71\u5247\u300c\u822a\u884c\u5145\u6eff\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u52d5\u529b\u6c7d\u8239\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8239\u96bb\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u822a\u884c\u3002\u300d\uff1b\u4e8c\u70ba\u57fa\u65bc\u300c\u96e2\u5cb8\u5cf6\u5dbc\u5b5f\u8cb7\u548c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u6210\u70ba\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u300d\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7576\u6642\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u8a8d\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u96e2\u5cf6\u6709\u6210\u70ba\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u800c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\u4ea6\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u5176\u552e\u8ce3\u9d09\u7247\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9d09\u7247\u70ba\u82f1\u570b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u9999\u6e2f\u5728\u6b64\u5247\u88ab\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6210\u9d09\u7247\u96c6\u6563\u5730\u548c\u8cbf\u6613\u4e2d\u8f49\u5730\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9d09\u7247\u7684\u5229\u6f64\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u82f1\u570b\u5728 1848 \u5e74\u5f8c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u6709\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e94\u53e3\u901a\u5546\u5f8c\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u5f9e\u672a\u9032\u884c\u904e\u8cc7\u672c\u7d2f\u7a4d\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5de5\u696d\u5316\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5f8c\u4f86\u76841848 – 1873 \u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6191\u85c9\u5176\u8cc7\u672c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u8cbf\u6613\u984d\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5728 1856 – 1866 \u5e74\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u9593\u8fc5\u901f\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u800c\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u5247\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u529f\u7528\uff0c\u70ba\u5176\u5b97\u4e3b\u570b\u9054\u6210\u4e86\u5728\u856d\u689d\u671f\u671f\u9593\u7a4d\u7d2f\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e86\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6ce2\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u9577\u6ce2\u9032\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7684\u9d09\u7247\u6230\u722d\u6e96\u5099\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u652f\u63f4\u3002\u5f9e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u68b3\u7406\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u4e5f\u6e05\u6670\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u756b\u597d\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u6574\u500b\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u9019\u5c07\u662f\u65e5\u4e0d\u843d\u5e1d\u570b\u5728\u9060\u6771\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5546\u696d\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6b96\u6c11\u5546\u696d\u57ce\u5e02\u7121\u7570\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u70ba\u6b96\u6c11\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u8f49\u53e3\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6e2f\uff08\u6216\u8d70\u79c1\u6e2f\uff09\uff0c\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u652f\u63f4\u6230\u722d\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6e2f\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u8207\u672c\u5730\u8cb7\u8fa6\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u968e\u7d1a\u7dca\u5bc6\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u806f\u76df\uff0c\u4ee5\u9593\u63a5\u7ba1\u6cbb\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c0d\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5be6\u65bd\u7d71\u6cbb\u3002\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u4f7f\u8cb7\u8fa6\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u548c\u7d71\u6cbb\u968e\u7d1a\u7dca\u5bc6\u9396\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u662f 1926 \u5e74\u7684\u7701\u6e2f\u6fb3\u5927\u7f77\u5de5\uff0c\u7f77\u5de5\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u8cb7\u8fa6\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5f9e\u6b64\u4fbf\u4f9d\u9644\u5176\u6b96\u6c11\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e0b\uff0c\u70ba\u672c\u5730\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u5ef6\u7e8c\u81f3\u4eca\u7684\u61e6\u5f31\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u4f0f\u7dda\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u6562\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7db1\u9818\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4ee5\u300c\u5be6\u7528\u300d\u70ba\u540d\u7684\u6295\u6a5f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1848 -1873 \u5e74\u3000\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u6210\u672c\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u64f4\u5f35<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1848 \u5e74\u81f3 1873 \u5e74\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u64f4\u5f35\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u6839\u6e90\u65bc\u4ee5\u6a5f\u5668\u4ee3\u66ff\u4eba\u624b\u88fd\u9020\u6a5f\u5668\u96f6\u4ef6\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u56fa\u5b9a\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u897f\u6b50\u5317\u7f8e\u9435\u8def\u5efa\u8a2d\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u64f4\u5c55\u3002 1874 \u5e74\u5230 1893 \u5e74\u662f\u856d\u689d\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u6709\u6a5f\u69cb\u6210\u63d0\u9ad8\uff08\u5373\u539f\u6750\u6599\u6210\u672c\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff09\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u5be6\u969b\u5de5\u8cc7\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u5229\u6f64\u7387\u964d
    \u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u9019\u4e00\u6ce2\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff1a1863 \u5e74\u6021\u548c\u6d0b\u884c\u3001\u9435\u884c\u8f2a\u8239\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u5fb7\u5fcc\u5229\u58eb\u6d0b\u884c\u7b49\u5e7e\u5bb6\u8239\u6771\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7d05\u78e1\u548c\u5927\u74b0\u5357\u9762\u7684\u6d77\u5cb8\u5408\u5925\u5275\u8fa6\u4e86\u9ec3\u57d4\u8239\u5862\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u9999\u6e2f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u9020\u8239\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u958b\u7aef\u30021870 \u5e74\u9ec3\u57d4\u8239\u5862\u8207\u7d05\u78e1\u7684\u806f\u5408\u8239\u5862\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f75\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7576\u6642\u9999\u6e2f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8239\u5862\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u800c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u9020\u8239\u5de5\u696d\u4e5f\u70ba\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u52e2\u529b\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u5404\u7a2e\u8ecd\u7528\u548c\u6c11\u7528\u8239\u96bb\u30021865 \u5e74 3 \u6708 3 \u65e5\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ed9\u8c50\u9280\u884c\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\u30021863 \u5e74\u7d71\u4e00\u8ca8\u5e63\u3001 1865 \u5e74\u5be6\u73fe\u516c\u53f8\u767b\u8a18\u30021871 \u5e74\u82f1\u5546\u4fdd\u7f85\u00b7\u906e\u6253\u548c\u51f1\u798f\u00b7\u66c9\u58eb\u5728\u7063\u4ed4\u5275\u7acb\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u78bc\u982d\u53ca\u8ca8\u5009\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u9996\u9593\u516c\u5171\u8ca8\u5009\u3002\u800c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u90fd\u6b63\u6b63\u7b26\u5408\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u70ba\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6e2f\u53e3\u8207\u8cbf\u6613\u81ea\u7531\u6e2f\u3002\u800c\u9999\u6e2f\u4ea6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u9d09\u7247\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6230\u7565\u529f\u7528\uff0c\u8b93\u5404\u7a2e\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8239\u96bb\u80fd\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6e2f\u53e3\u96c6\u7d50\u7e7c\u800c\u5317\u4e0a\u5c0d\u6e05\u671d\u767c\u52d5\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u5f97\u4ee5\u628a\u8cc7\u672c\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u7522\u54c1\u8f38\u51fa\u5230\u5927\u6e05\u570b\u5167\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6e2f\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u4ea6\u4e00\u76f4\u58d3\u5236\u8457\u9664\u4e86\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8207\u8f49\u53e3\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d0b\u5546\u4e5f\u900f\u904e\u5546\u6703\u5411\u82f1\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u8868\u9054\u5c0d\u83ef\u5546\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4f7f\u6e2f\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u504f\u8892\u65bc\u82f1\u8cc7\u5546\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 1930 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\u671f\u9593\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u767c\u73fe\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1894 – 1913 \u5e74\u3000\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6280\u8853\u9769\u547d\u8207\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d<\/p>\n\n\n\n


    1894 \u5e74\u81f3 1913 \u5e74\u70ba\u64f4\u5f35\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u5e1d\u570b\u5c0d\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u6295\u8cc7\u3001\u58df\u65b7\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5f9e\u539f\u6599\u50f9\u683c\u660e\u986f\u800c\u7de9\u6162\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\u4e2d\u7372\u53d6\u4e86\u5229\u6f64\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7531\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6280\u8853\u9769\u547d\u53ca\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u751f\u7522\u529b\u548c\u5269\u9918\u50f9\u503c\u7387\u7684\u7e3d\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u589e\u9577\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u8cc7\u672c\u7a4d\u7d2f\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u9577\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u53ef\u8b02\u662f\u6230\u524d\u9999\u6e2f\u7814\u7a76\u6b0a\u5a01\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5: \u300c\u8c6a\u5546\u7684\u6c92\u843d\u548c\u8f49\u578b\uff08\u5728\u9d09\u7247\u751f\u610f\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u53ea\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u8f49\u81ea\u7531\u6e2f\u4f9d\u9760\u5468\u8f49\u6578\u91cf\u800c\u8b00\u6c42\u767c\u5c55\uff09\u4f7f\u8cb7\u8fa6\u968e\u7d1a\u6709\u6240\u62ac\u982d\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u300e\u9999\u6e2f\u4e0a\u5c64\uff08\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u82f1\u8cc7\u5546\u4eba\u8207\u83ef\u4eba\u7cbe\u82f1)-\u5404\u985e\u516c\u53f8-\u8cb7\u8fa6\u300f\u7684\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u8607\u5f5d\u58eb\u904b\u6cb3\u7684\u958b\u901a\u5927\u5927\u7e2e\u77ed\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u81f3\u502b\u6566\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u4e26\u589e\u5f37\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u4e2d\u8f49\u6e2f\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u300d\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u5728\u7522\u696d\u65b9\u9762\u7d93\u6fdf\u65b9\u9762\u4e00\u9032\u4e00\u9000\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6230\u4e2d\uff08\u65e9\u671f\uff09\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u666f\u6c23\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u767c\u5c55\u672c\u571f\u5546\u793e\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6210\u70ba\u82f1\u570b\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u570b\u806f\u5408\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u57fa\u5730\uff0c \u800c\u4e14\u672c\u5730\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u9084\u89aa\u81ea\u53c3\u8207\u5176\u88fd\u54c1\u8cbf\u6613\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e2d\u8f49\u6e2f\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e26\u672a\u767c\u751f\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u300d\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u6642\u671f\u4e2d\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5be6\u529b\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u7531\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u5c07\u9999\u6e2f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8f15\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5247\u53d7\u5230\u93ae\u58d3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u59a8\u7919\u9999\u6e2f\u8f49\u53e3\u6e2f\u529f\u80fd\u300d\u7684\u5de5\u696d\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u6703\u8207\u82f1\u570b\u5de5\u696d\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u7af6\u722d\u3002
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1914 – 1939 \u5e74\u3000\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u6025\u907d\u840e\u7e2e
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1914 \u5e74\u5230 1939 \u5e74\u662f\u6700\u70ba\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u856d\u689d\u6027\u9577\u6ce2\uff0c\u4e00\u6230\u7684\u7206\u767c\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u5927\u856d\u689d\u548c\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u7b49\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7206\u767c\u5f8c\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u7e2e\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9762\u81e8\u6df1\u523b\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u800c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u6301\u7e8c\u88ab\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u640d\u8017\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u570b\u7121\u529b\u517c\u9867\u5c0d\u6771\u4e9e\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u63a0\u596a\uff0c\u4fc4\u570b\u9769\u547d\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u840e\u7e2e\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6253\u64ca\u897f\u65b9\u8001\u724c\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0d\u83ef\u8cbf\u6613\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7d93\u6fdf\u9762\u5c0d\u7570\u5e38\u4f4e\u8ff7\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u800c\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u666f\u6c23\u52a0\u4e0a 20 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7701\u6e2f\u6fb3\u5927\u7f77\u5de5\u3001\u4e94\u5345\u6158\u6848\uff08\u82f1\u570b\u8b66\u5bdf\u6b98\u6bba\u83ef\u4eba\uff09\u3001\u5ee3\u6771\u516d\u4e8c\u4e09\u6c99\u57fa\u6158\u6848\u7b49\u5747\u5c0e\u81f4\u9999\u6e2f\u83ef\u4eba\u5718\u7d50\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u52d5\u6416\u5230\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u679c\u5305\u62ec\u5c0e\u81f4 70 \u842c\u83ef\u4eba\u8207\u82f1\u4eba\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5b8c\u5168\u65b7\u7d55\uff0c10 \u842c\u83ef\u4eba\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u96e2\u958b\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u9677\u5165\u7671\u7613\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u800c\u8457\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u7684\u8cb7\u8fa6\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u537b\u7ad9\u5728\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u93ae\u58d3\u7f77\u5de5\u8005\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u662f\u7f85\u6c38\u751f\u6240\u8a00\u7684\u300c\u52fe\u7d50\u5171\u8b00\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u7684\u96db\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1937 \u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e2d\u65e5\u6230\u722d\u7206\u767c\uff0c1939 \u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7206\u767c\u3002\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u9593\u7206\u767c\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u5e02\u5834\u9020\u6210\u5de8\u5927\u7834\u58de\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6230\u7565\u5730\u4f4d\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u6578\u6b21\u7684\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u7531\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u82f1\u570b\u652f\u63f4\u4e2d\u570b\u6297\u65e5\u6230\u722d\u7684\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u8b8a\u81f3\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u5f8c\u65b9\u652f\u63f4\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5230\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u540c\u76df\u570b\u5c0d\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5305\u570d\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\uff08\u56db\uff09\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u5927\u6771\u4e9e\u5171\u69ae\u5708\u7684\u9678\u8ecd\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7136\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u4e2d\u537b\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u6771\u4e9e\u6838\u5fc3\u300d\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\u7532\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e2d\u8f49\u6e2f\u53e3\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u8ca8\u5e63\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u8ca8\u5e63\u532f\u7387\u4fdd\u6301\u7d71\u4e00\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u8cc7\u672c\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u5229\u7528\u5404\u79df\u754c\u548c\u9999\u6e2f\u9019\u500b\u4e2d\u8f49\u6e2f\uff0c\u9738\u4f54\u4e2d\u570b\u5e02\u5834\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u6a1e\u7d10\u59cb\u7d42\u5c0d\u6771\u4e9e\u6709\u8457\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    \uff08\u4e19\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u83ef\u50d1\u7d10\u5e36\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u70ba\u83ef\u4eba\u6c11\u5de5\u5c0d\u5916\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u6a1e\u7d10\uff0c\u70ba\u897f\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u5ec9\u50f9\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u3002\u800c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u83ef\u50d1\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u878d\u8cc7\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u5c31\u8457\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u62b1\u6709\u5c07\u9999\u6e2f\u6539\u9020\u6210\u5927\u6771\u4e9e\u5730\u5340\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u91ce\u671b\u3002\u800c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u6ce8\u8996\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728 1920 \u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u69cb\u601d\u70ba\u6771\u4e9e\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u806f\u90a6\u7684\u570b\u969b\u7e3d\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9769\u547d\u3002\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u91ce\u671b\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u90fd\u5728\u6230\u5f8c\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u6a5f\u7de3\u5de7\u5408\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u88ab\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u5c0d\u6b64\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u82f1\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u4ea6\u672a\u66fe\u6599\u53ca\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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