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\u7232\u8cab\u5fb9\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6539\u9769\u539f\u5247\uff0c 1987 \u5e74\u8607\u806f\u5236\u5b9a\u300a\u4f01\u696d\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u78ba\u898f\u5b9a\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u662f\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5546\u54c1\u751f\u7523\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u662f\u6cd5\u4eba\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5168\u6c11\u8ca1\u7523\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u8cc7\u7523\u8ca0\u50b5\u8868\u3002\u300d[1]\u3002\u4f9d\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u751f\u7523\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u751f\u7523\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9ede\u5c31\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u751f\u7523\u662f\u5546\u54c1\u751f\u7523\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u751f\u7523\u5546\u54c1\u662f\u7232\u4e86\u92b7\u552e\u4e26\u7372\u5f97\u5229\u6f64\uff1b\u800c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u751f\u7523\u662f\u7232\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7232\u4e86\u7372\u53d6\u5229\u6f64\u7684\u300c\u5546\u54c1\u751f\u7523\u300d\u3002\u5728\u5f9e\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5230\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u793e\u6703\u88cf\u6703\u6709\u5546\u54c1\u751f\u7523\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c6c\u4e8e\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u751f\u7523\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6b98\u7559\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 1990 \u5e74\u8607\u5171\u53ec\u958b\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u5927\uff0c\u662f\u8607\u806f\u9ad4\u5236\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\u8f49\u6369\u9ede\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u8607\u5171\u4e0d\u8b00\u6c42\u58df\u65b7\u6b0a\uff0c\u6e96\u5099\u540c\u4e00\u5207\u64c1\u8b77\u9769\u65b0\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4eba\u9032\u884c\u5c0d\u8a71\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u300d\u9019\u7b97\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u78ba\u7acb\u8981\u767c\u5c55\u591a\u9ee8\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u8607\u5171\u5c0d\u65bc\u6c11\u4e3b\u9084\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u8607\u5171\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u6b64\u6b21\u5927\u6703\u4e0a\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u7db1\u9818\u6d3e\u5225\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u6703\u4ecd\u660e\u78ba\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u8607\u5171\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u5185\u90e8\u7d00\u5f8b\u7684\u6d3e\u5225\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u5171\u7523\u9ee8\u54e1\u5728\u8faf\u8ad6\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6309\u7db1\u9818\u9032\u884c\u806f\u5408\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u300d\u5373\u6b64\u6642\u7684\u8607\u5171\u4ecd\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u9ee8\u5185\u6709\u7d44\u7e54\u6027\u6d3e\u5225\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u6703\u53ec\u958b\u671f\u9593\u7d44\u6210\u7db1\u9818\u6d3e\u5225\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4e26\u6ca1\u6709\u7d42\u6b62\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u5be6\u884c\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u9032\u884c\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6539\u9769\u548c\u6539\u5584\u570b\u6c11\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5411\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u904e\u6e21\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u662f\u6392\u9664\u904e\u6642\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u7d93\u6fdf\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u9078\u64c7\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u660e\u78ba\u8868\u793a\u8981\u653e\u68c4\u8a08\u5283\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5236\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff0c\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u7576\u524d\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u55ae\u4e00\u6240\u6709\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u58df\u65b7\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u591a\u7a2e\u6240\u6709\u5236\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u8981\u4ee5\u5927\u529b\u767c\u5c55\u79c1\u6709\u5236\u7232\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e2d\u8607\u6539\u9769\u7684\u540c\u7570<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73fe\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u81ea\u7136\u53ea\u8457\u91cd\u6208\u723e\u5df4\u55ac\u592b\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u7684\u300c\u5931\u6557\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5f3a\u8abf\u7d93\u6fdf\u6539\u9769\u4e0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u7232\u6bd4\u8607\u806f\u9084\u65e9\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u5728 1988 \u5e74\u4e2d\u570b\u65b0\u4fee\u8a02\u7684\u61b2\u6cd5\u540c\u6a23\u5beb\u4e0a\u4e86\uff1a\u300c\u79c1\u71df\u7d93\u6fdf\u662f\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u516c\u6709\u5236\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u88dc\u5145\u3002\u570b\u5bb6\u4fdd\u8b77\u79c1\u71df\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5c0d\u79c1\u71df\u7d93\u6fdf\u5be6\u884c\u5f15\u5c0e\u3001\u76e3\u7763\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u300d\u800c\u66f4\u65e9\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u300a\u570b\u5bb6\u9ad4\u6539\u59d4\u95dc\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u516b\u5e74\u6df1\u5316\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u5236\u6539\u9769\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u65b9\u6848\u300b\u5247\u7a31\uff1a\u300c\u6df1\u5316\u4f01\u696d\u6539\u9769\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u5168\u6c11\u6240\u6709\u5236\u4f01\u696d\u653f\u4f01\u5206\u958b\u548c\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u8207\u7d93\u71df\u6b0a\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u8cc7\u7523\u4f54\u6709\u6b0a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6b0a\u3001\u652f\u914d\u6b0a\u4ea4\u7d66\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u4f01\u696d\u5728\u7d93\u71df\u4e0a\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u2026\u2026\u9010\u6b65\u628a\u4f01\u696d\u63a8\u4e0a\u5e02\u5834\u7af6\u722d\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u7d93\u71df\u3001\u81ea\u8ca0\u76c8\u8667\u7684\u8ecc\u9053\u3002\u300d\u9019\u5176\u5be6\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u300c\u5168\u6c11\u6240\u6709\u5236\u300d\u4f01\u696d\uff08\u570b\u4f01\uff09\u4ee5\u8ffd\u9010\u5229\u6f64\u7232\u4e3b\uff0c\u6210\u7232\u4e00\u7a2e\u570b\u5bb6\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f01\u696d\u300290\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u91cf\u570b\u4f01\u5012\u9589\u548c\u7576\u4e0b\u592e\u4f01\u58df\u65b7\u7684\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u4fbf\u588a\u5b9a\u4e86\u30021988\u5e748\u6708\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300a\u95dc\u65bc\u50f9\u683c\u3001\u5de5\u8cc7\u6539\u9769\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u65b9\u6848\u300b\u5247\u7a31\uff1a\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u8abf\u63a7\u5e02\u5834\u3001\u5e02\u5834\u5f15\u5c0e\u4f01\u696d\u3002\u300d\u65e2\u7136\u4f01\u696d\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u5f15\u5c0e\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u5176\u5be6\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aac\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u6ca1\u7528\u300c\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u300d\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u6a23\u5c0d\u6bd4\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5b98\u65b9\u8a71\u8a9e\u88cf\uff0c\u8607\u806f\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u7dad\u8b77\u597d\u9ee8\u7684\u57f7\u653f\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8207\u4e2d\u570b80\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b90\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6709\u8af8\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u5373\u767c\u5c55\u79c1\u71df\u7d93\u6fdf\uff08\u5373\u79c1\u4eba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d93\u6fdf\uff09\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002\u518d\u7c21\u6f54\u9ede\u8aac\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u653e\u68c4\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u76ee\u6a19[3]\uff0c\u64c1\u62b1\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aac\uff0c\u5f9e1990\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u8607\u806f\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5c31\u7d42\u7d50\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8607\u5171\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u5927\u600e\u9ebd\u8ac7\u300c\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a9\u84cb\u9019\u6642\u7684\u8607\u806f\u5df2\u653e\u68c4\u56ae\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\u904e\u6e21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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